Piaget Vygotsky essays

Piaget Vygotsky essays Piaget and Vygotsky Theories of Cognitive Development Everyday life is characterized by conscious purpose. From reaching for food to designing an experiment, our actions are directed at goals. This purpose reveals itself partly in our conscious awareness and partly in the organization of our thoughts and actions. Cognition is the process involved in thinking and mental activity, such as attention, memory and problem solving. Much past and present theory has emphasized the parallels between the articulated prepositional structure of language and the structure of an internal code or language of thought. In this paper I will discuss language and cognition and two famous theorist who were both influential in forming a more scientific approach to analyzing the process of cognitive development. There are those that say that Jean Piaget was the first to take childrens thinking seriously. Although Piaget never thought of himself as a child psychologist his real interest was epistemology, the theory of knowledge, which, like physics, was considered a branch of philosophy until Piaget came along and made it a science (2000). Children and their reasoning process fascinated Piaget. He began to suspect that observing how the childs mind develops might discover the key to human knowledge. Piagets insight opened a new window into the inner workings of the mind. Jean Piaget has made major theoretical and practical contributions to our understanding of the origins and evolution of knowledge. In his work Piaget identified stages of mental growth. He theorized that all children progressed through stages of cognitive development. He discovered that children think and reason differently at different periods in their lives. Piaget believed that everyone passed through a sequence of four qualitatively distinct stages. They are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. In t...

Rollo the Walker - Scandinavian Founder of Normandy

Rollo the Walker - Scandinavian Founder of Normandy Rollo of Normandy was also known as Rolf, Hrolf or Rou; in French, Rollon. He was sometimes called Robert and was also known as Rollo the Viking.  It was said Rollo was too tall to ride a horse without his feet reaching the ground, and it was for this reason he was known as Rollo the Walker or Rollo the Gangler or Ganger.   What Was Rollo of Normandy Known for? Founding the duchy of Normandy in France. Although Rollo is sometimes called the first Duke of Normandy, this is somewhat misleading; he never held the title of duke during his lifetime. Occupations RulerMilitary Leader Places of Residence and Influence FranceScandinavia Important Dates Born: c.  860Died:  c. 932 About Rollo of Normandy Leaving Norway to embark on pirating expeditions and raid England, Scotland, and Flanders, Rollo headed into France around 911 and settled along the Seine, besieging Paris. Charles III (the Simple) of France was able to hold Rollo off for a while, but he eventually negotiated a treaty to stop him. The treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte gave Rollo part of Nuestria in return for his agreement that he and his fellow Vikings would stop pillaging any further in France. It is believed that he and his men may have converted to Christianity, and it is recorded that he was baptized in 912; however, the available sources conflict and one states that Rollo died a pagan. Because the region was settled by Northmen or Normans, the territory took on the name Normandy, and Rouen became its capital. Before Rollo died he turned over the governance of the duchy to his son, William I (Longsword). A rather questionable biography of Rollo and other dukes of Normandy was written in the eleventh century by Dudo of St. Quentin. Three Sources on the Ravages of the Northmen in Frankland, c. 843 - 912includes information on Rollo from the Chronicle of St. Denis; at Paul Halsalls Medieval Sourcebook.

Short written presentation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Short written presentation - Assignment Example The housing market was not unaffected with foreclosures, evictions and the resultant massive unemployment. The crisis contributed to the failure of many businesses, it reduces the consumer earnings and a reduction of overall economic activity (Anon, 125). The current European debt crisis is attributed greatly to this crisis with countries affected taking austerity measures that have had far more adverse effects on the citizens of these countries. This paper analysis how the crisis led to decreased lending and how this affected the economy. During the summer in 2007, the lending market experienced drastic disruptions with the market for asset-backed commercial disintegrating while the interbank market stagnated. The financial crisis created a fright that led financial institutions to seek to run through other financial institutions as a way of mitigating the escalating financial risks. These institutions suffered greatly when the lenders increased their lending requirements as a way o f reducing lending. The banks hoarded liquid asset as a reaction to a number of factors. One, there was a rising concern solvency of these interbank operations. Moreover, the banks were experiencing an increase in the risk of their asset collection. Moreover, they could predict a risk related to draw-down of a long line of committed credit. Besides reducing lending, the banks used several other measures to management liquidity. These range from one bank to another depending on the pressure they felt for having liquid assets. During the crisis, the banks increased their liquid asset by selling assets such as government securities and treasuries. This enabled them to accumulate huge reserves in the central bank which was lucrative as they would earn huge balances from the large reserves. The banks also invested more in mortgage backed securities from Fredie Mac and similar banks whose security was guaranteed by the government (Anon, 1230. The liquidity hoarding was seen to be common a cross all banks irrespective of their sizes. The reduction in lending was seen to be different on the local and foreign banks. The foreign banks reduced lending compared to the local banks. This is because; the financial shock such as the one that was experienced has been seen to transmit negative effects to the foreign subsidiaries. A research conducted showed that there was no decrease in lending in both local and foreign banks in the fiscal year 2008 to 2009 (Anon, 69). This could be probably because the effects of the crisis had just started to be felt. However, in the following fiscal year, foreign lending was seen to have reduced by 5% more than the local banks. This is a reason why foreign investment across Europe reduces at a greater rate compared to local investments. The effects of the crisis are still being felt by banks around Europe and the globe in general. Banks have been restricted to in order to improve their immunity against the effect of such crisis. This is eithe r through government conditions or the banks initiatives. The banks have also been forced to adapt to the changing economic climates. They now have to deal with a shrinking economy in the advanced economy and increasing economic opportunities in the emerging economies such as China. It is evident that the decrease in lending has a detrimental effect on investment. This is because with reduced lending or greater credit requirements, investors will shy away for making investments. The uncertainty of the market also discourages

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Final - Essay Example the operational command of the Allied forces, which included the US forces under the directive of the Supreme Commanders for the South East Asia (Charles, 42) The Truman doctrine stated that the US would provide aid to people anywhere in the globe who fall victims of attempted subjugation by armed minorities of external pressures, however, the Berlin Blockade that saw the Soviet Union cut off the rails and highways delayed the implementation process. The US started airlifting aid up to 1949, when the USSR lifted the blockade. This followed that, the western powers pulled out of Germany and allowed the creation of the West Germany and the USSR reciprocated by allowing the creation of the East Germany. This trend hampered the Truman doctrine (Charles, 51). The Bay of Pigs, Laos, Berlin, the Cuban missile crisis and war at Vietnam formed the flexible response. The test of flexible response on Vietnam was applied by force. There was not strategic planning and implementation and this led to the defeat and humiliation of the US forces (Charles,

Abortion the most controversial issue in the therapeutic profession Essay Example for Free

Abortion the most controversial issue in the therapeutic profession Essay Abortion is an issue that has brought discrepancies in the views of various specialists. The scientists have got into a conflict of interest with the clergymen among other liberal-minded persons in the society. Some scholars have come up with an argument that it is a birth control mechanism and should be encouraged to prevent overpopulation (Fujime, 2012). The perception of this aspect has also varied from one country to another depending on the regulating constitutions. Arguments for Abortion Every single individual is given some fundamental right ensured by the Constitution. One of those benefits is the privilege to seek after bliss. A child can sometimes upset a ladys quest for satisfaction. Regardless of the possibility that she chooses to surrender it for a reception, despite everything she has the weight of conveying the baby for nine months. Having the alternative to play out a premature birth can comprehend that deterrent. Taking ceaselessly this privilege would attack a ladys established freedom. The unwanted child likewise suffers. More often, the mother of the unwanted child is exceptionally youthful and unpracticed or excessively weak, making it impossible to deal with the youngster. The kid is typically malnourished, has no medicinal care, and gets next to no consideration or love. The childcare framework isnt any better. Just a little rate of the kids are embraced by appropriate guardians. However, the rest stay in the child care system, where there is practically no individual care. In both cases, the child has a poor training as a result o f the absence of consideration and discipline. He grows up to be useless individual or a danger to society. Many get included in drugs and violations (Sorenson et al., 2002). These people are likewise exceptionally rough, deficient with regards to the decent quality due little measure of care they got themselves. Over the long haul, does the kid endure as well as society, who needs to tolerate his bad conduct and wrongdoings. Premature birth can be viewed as putting the child out of hopelessness while he doesnt be able to reason or dread. Plainly, fetus removal permits a lady to hold her sacred rights; it alleviates a last enduring child out of his pain, and it sets up a more secure and more serene society. On these grounds, premature birth ought to be kept legitimate and even urged to particular people, for advantages to all of us. The religious belief system is no establishment of any law. The flexibility of religion is ensured to any subject in the United States; so why might the convictions and estimations of one religion command real rules for all natives? It would be unfair, out of line and improper. We dont have laws against eating fish, nor do we have legislation that proclaims it is legitimate to offer ones little girl, assault somebody, or keep a man as a slave all things that are advanced in religious content (Bauman et al., 1980). Many would contend that these ladies could persevere through the pregnancy, spending almost a year of her life essentially re-living the assault and its belongings, again and again, to surrender a child at the end of it for the reception. In any case, we as a whole know about the way that there are an enormous number of undesirable kids anticipating selection at this very moment who stay unclaimed; UNICEF gauges that there are 210 million vagrants on the planet at this time . If they have nobody willing to be their parent or guardian, why might another child have an excellent shot? The regenerative decision can be the main thing that stands between a lady and poverty. There is a reason that the 1 billion poorest individuals on earth are women. In sub-Saharan Africa and West Asia, women normally have five to six children, who abandon them fail to accommodate their families, as well as themselves. The regenerative decision can be the main thing that stands between a lady and demise. Women who confront lethal results of pregnancy should live. Schoolgirls, whose bodies are not yet prepared for labor, are five circumstances more inclined to bite the dust. Not just do 70,000 young ladies ages 15-19 die every year from pregnancy and labor, however, the infants that do survive have a 60% higher possibility of dying also. Abortion is a critical component of ladies rights since ladies are more influenced by the fetus removal debate than men, both independently and as a sexual orientation. Pregnancy enormously affects the woman involved. As Sarah Weddington put it to the US Supreme Court in Roe v Wade: A pregnancy to a lady is maybe a standout amongst the most determinative part of her life. It upsets her body, education, and her work. Whats more, it regularly disturbs her whole family life. A savant Judith Jarvis Thomson composed that an incredible arrangement turns for ladies on whether the premature birth is or is not accessible. If first birthrights are denied, then an imperative is forced on girls opportunity to act in a way that is of extraordinary significance to them. Substantial rights say that many individuals respect the privilege to control ones body as a real key right. If ladies are not permitted to end an unwanted embryo prematurely, they are denied this right. The least complex type of the women rights contention for fetus removal presumes that a lady has the right to choose what she may or may not be able to with her body. The fetus exists inside a females body, and in this manner, she has the privilege to choose whether the baby stays in her body or not. Consequently, a pregnant lady can prematurely end the embryo. The issue realizes many thoughts human rights into mercilessly keen core interest. The important US Supreme Court choice in Roe v Wade to some degree upheld that view when it decided that a ladys entitlement to end her pregnancy went under the flexibility of individual decision in family matters and was ensured by the Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution. This leads a few people to claim that it is dishonest to boycott premature birth because doing as such prevents flexibility from securing decision to ladies and strengths the unwilling to hold up under the undesirable. Opponents of this contention usually assault the idea that fetus is part of a ladys body. They contend that a baby is not a same kind of thing from a leg or a liver: it is not only a part of a ladys body but rather is (to some degree) a different individual with its entitlement to life. A moment protest to this contention is that individuals dont have the entire appropriate to control their bodies. All persons are liable to different limitations on what they do with their bodies, and some of these confinements (laws against suicide or killing) are similarly as intrusive. The ladies freedom development view premature birthrights as fundamental for sexual orientation balance. They say that if a woman is not permitted to have a fetus removal, she is not just compelled to proceed with the pregnancy to birth additionally anticipated that by society would support and take care of the subsequent kid for a long time to come. They contend that only if ladies have the privilege to pick regardl ess of whether to have children would they be able to accomplish fairness with men. Men dont get pregnant and are not confined similarly. Besides, they say, ladies opportunity and life decisions are constrained by bearing kids, and the generalizations, social traditions, and severe obligations that ran with it. They likewise respect the privilege to control ones particular body as a real key right, and one that ladies could just accomplish if they had been qualified to prematurely end an unwanted fetus. Margaret Sanger, an organizer of Planned Parenthood, said that no woman could call herself free until she can pick deliberately whether she will or wont be a mother. It is dependably the moralists who make the most mischief. Premature birth is the practical result of development, just the wilderness conceives an offspring and disintegrates away as nature announcements. A man arranges, Max Frisch. Conclusion In summary, abortion is one of the controversial issues in the therapeutic profession. It might be completed to ensure the life of the pregnant lady as well as to fulfill her interests. Numerous debates emerge concerning whether it is moral to end a premature birth, and particularly in regards to an individuals self-governance. A man has a directly over actions made over his/her body, in spite of the fact that in the human services profession, the guideline of helpfulness supersedes a mans self-rule. Ladies require free access to fetus removal keeping in mind the end goal to accomplish full political, social, and financial balance with people. Women need the privilege to premature birth with a specific end goal to have some same flexibilities from men and to have full rights over their bodies.   Without this right, they dont have an equal sound status from people. References Bauman, Karl E., and Ann E. Anderson (1980). Legal abortions and Trends in fetal and infant mortality rates in the United States. American journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 136.2,194-202. Chen, K. Prof. Jacobs (November 11, 2010). Adolescent pregnancy one year later: the effects of abortion vs. motherhood in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Adolescent Health, 29(3), 223-232. Fujime, Y. (2012). A follow-up study of women who request an abortion. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 43(4), 574. Sorenson, Susan B., Douglas J. Wiebe, and Richard A. Berk (2002). Legalized abortion and the homicide of young children: An empirical investigation. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2.1, 239-256. Zeileis, A., Koenker, R., Doebler, P., Zeileis, M. A. (2015). Package ‘glmx’.

Deception in Acts One and Two of Much Ado about Nothing :: essays research papers

Everyone of the main characters is affected by deception in some ay through out the play. Characters make plans to deceive other the other characters in the book. Two of the main deceptions are planned in the first two acts of the play. Some plans to deceive are done in order to help people or to hurt people. The first of the two main deceptions is planned in Act 2, scene 2. Don John and Borachio are planning to deceive Claudio and Leonato?s daughter, Hero. They decide that they will stop their marriage by framing Hero as being unfaithful to Claudio on the eve of their wedding. Borachio makes most of the plans to of deception and to stop the marriage, he says, ?Go you to the Prince your brother, spare not to tell him, that he hath wronged his honour in marrying the renowned Claudio, whose estimation do you mightily hold up, to a contaminated stale, such as one Hero.? They then go onto plan to bring Claudio to see ?Hero? with Borachio, however they will have disguised Hero?s waiting Gentlewoman Margaret as Hero. This deception carries on affecting people throughout the course of the play. The second of the two main plans of deception is planned in Act 2 scene 3, in part. Claudio, Leonato and Don Pedro are talking, in hearing distance of Benedick, of Beatrice. They all know that Benedick is there and have decided to deceive him into thinking that Beatrice is in love with him. They do this as they know that both Benedick and Beatrice have underlying feelings for each other. To deceive Benedick, they talk about Beatrice in such an understanding way of her character, that he truly believes what they say, ?Hero thinks surely she will die, for she says she will die if he love her not, and she will die ere she make her love known, and she will die to if he woo her, rather than she will bate one breath of her accustomed crossness.

Breaking Dawn Edward’s Pov Essay

â€Å"I miss you already.† â€Å"I don’t need to leave. I can stay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Mmm.† It was the eve of our wedding and Bella and I were lying in her narrow bed together, as was our habit. Though it was August, she was wrapped in her usual swaddling blanket, a protection against the chill of my skin. The bulky afghan did not prevent Bella’s hands from wandering about, exploring the unclothed parts of my body. If she had her way, both of us would be even less clothed. I found shirtless to be challenge enough. With Bella’s fingers probing the outlines of each muscle and bone above my waistband, her lips on mine, I was both awash in pleasure and sinking into concern. Some might call it performance anxiety and I could not deny it. When one’s performance was a matter of life and death, there was no shame in that. Bella dragged her tongue across my top lip and a surge of desire shot through me. It was all I could do to remain still and let the sensation fade. If she were a vampire, I would have rolled on top of her, stripped off the bulky afghan and pressed my entire body into hers. I would have kissed her passionately, tasting her lips, her tongue, and pulling her as close to me as the laws of physics would allow. Ahhh†¦ I groaned and retreated from her caressing hands and her delicious, warm tongue. â€Å"Wait,† Bella murmured, clutching my arms. I watched as she kicked her right leg free from the blanket and wrapped it around my waist. â€Å"Practice makes perfect.† I chuckled. I’d heard that one before. Numerous times. â€Å"Well, we should be fairly close to perfection by this point, then, shouldn’t we? Have you slept at all in the last month?† â€Å"But this is the dress rehearsal,† she protested, â€Å"and we’ve only practiced certain scenes. It’s no time for playing safe.† Playing safe. My body froze as I considered how easy it would be to break Bella’s arm, or tear out a handful of her beautiful hair, or snap her spine, or†¦ â€Å"Bella†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Don’t start this again. A deal’s a deal.† â€Å"I don’t know. It’s too hard to concentrate when you’re with me like this. I—I can’t think straight. I won’t be able to control myself. You’ll get hurt.† â€Å"I’ll be fine.† â€Å"Bella†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Shhh!† Bella put her hands on either side of my face and pressed her lips against mine. I would like to have been distracted by that, but it was too late. My mind was already elsewhere, drifting from the thousand-and-one ways I could harm Bella to enumerating all she was giving up for me†¦her family, her friends†¦her chance to be a mother, to grow old, to become something more than what she was right now. It was too much to sacrifice just to be with me. In my mounting distress, I revisited an argument that Bella and I had had repeatedly. I’d never convinced her before; I don’t know why I thought she might change her mind now. â€Å"It’s not right! I don’t want you to have to make sacrifices for me. I want to give you things, not take things away from you. I don’t want to steal your future. If I were human—† Bella stifled my objections by putting her hand over my mouth. â€Å"You are my future. Now stop. No moping, or I’m cal ling your brothers to come and get you. Maybe you need a bachelor party.† My brothers must have agreed with her, for Emmett’s thoughts suddenly interrupted my own. Maybe we’ll catch them with their clothes off! Hope so. Ha, ha! â€Å"Oh, for the love of all that’s holy!† â€Å"What’s wrong?† â€Å"You don’t have to call my brothers. Apparently Emmett and Jasper are not going to let me bow out tonight.† Bella tightened her grip for a moment before releasing me. â€Å"Have fun,† she said. Perhaps it would be better for Bella if I left. Then I wouldn’t upset her with the â€Å"cold feet† I’d told her I didn’t have. I had no second thoughts about marrying Bella—I could hardly wait to do that! My second thoughts were all about the wedding night. Yes, I should leave. Maybe she would get some sleep if I did. â€Å"If you don’t send Edward out,† Emmett threatened in his best, creepy-monster voice, â€Å"we’re coming in after him!† Bella lau ghed. â€Å"Go! Before they break my house.† Kissing her forehead, I advised, â€Å"Get to sleep. You’ve got a big day tomorrow.† â€Å"Thanks! That’s sure to help me wind down.† â€Å"I’ll meet you at the altar.† I gave her a sly smile. â€Å"I’ll be the one in white,† Bella announced nonchalantly, as if we were planning a rendezvous at the mall. I chuckled at that, considering the anxiety attacks that overcame her every time I mentioned the wedding. â€Å"Very convincing,† I tossed over my shoulder as I leaped out the window. My feet landed squarely on Emmett’s head, knocking him to the ground. â€Å"Dammit, that hurt!† Emmett stage whispered, as he jumped up and took a swing at me. I dodged the punch easily. His thoughts always gave him away. â€Å"You’d better not make him late,† I heard Bella warn my brothers. Jasper leaped up and grabbed the eaves outside Bella’s window. He turned on his soothing vibes. â€Å"Don’t worry, Bella. We’ll get him home in plenty of time.† â€Å"Jasper? What do vampires do for bachelor parties? You’re not taking him to a strip club, are you?† she whispered to Jasper and I had to smile. As if that would be fun for me! No woman had ever affected me like Bella did. Women could dip themselves in blood and parade around naked all day and it wouldn’t do a thing for me. I should know†¦Tanya had tried such tricks many times to get me into her bed. â€Å"Don’t tell her anything!† Emmett hissed at Jasper, earning himself a friendly forearm shove that knocked him to the ground†¦again. I could never beat Emmett if we fought strength to strength, but with my mind-reading skill, he rarely got in a good punch. I laughed at his expression as he stood up and brushed the grass off his jeans. He tried to loo k casual as he readied himself for a â€Å"surprise† counterattack. Just as he launched himself at me, I took off running, knowing he couldn’t catch me at full speed. â€Å"Relax,† I heard Jasper reply to Bella. â€Å"We Cullens have our own version. Just a few mountain lions, a couple of grizzly bears. Pretty much an ordinary night out.† Jasper had told Bella the truth. We would be celebrating our boys’ night out with a hunt. I didn’t need the blood at the moment, but it was still a good idea. If I fed now, then I wouldn’t have to leave Bella to hunt for the first two weeks of our honeymoon. Besides, I only had one more day to remain chaste until Bella and I were married. I did not want to slip-up at this late date—getting out of Bella’s bed would make that a whole lot easier. Running gave me time to think about the last couple of months. As my fiancà ©, Bella had accepted the black credit card with her name on it attached to my account. Like the cell phone, I’d presented it as a â€Å"safety precaution,† but she’d started to use it for other things too, and that had been the point. Bella had quit her job at Newtons Olympic Out fitters, so she didn’t have any pocket money to speak of. I was glad that she’d quit. I preferred not giving Mike Newton the opportunity to gape at and entertain salacious thoughts about my bride-to-be as was his habit. Also, I was happy that we could spend more time together. I didn’t have to part with her company for the three or four days a week she would have worked for what I considered to be spare change. Unless she really liked the job—and I knew that she didn’t—I saw no point in sacrificing our time together. It had been a great summer. The only slight comedown had been the â€Å"father-in-law talk† Charlie had initiated with me. I haven’t encountered many people who could surprise me in the last eighty years, but Charlie was one who could. His mind was so quiet—in the sense of relatively impenetrable to me—that while I could perceive his feelings, I often couldn’t hear the inner dialogue that went with them. I didn’t like the sense of insecurity it gave me not knowing what he was thinking. I was used to having more time to consider how to react to people than I ever had with Charlie. One evening five weeks earlier, Charlie had grabbed my arm as Bella and I were leaving his house for the evening. We’d found a number of private parking spots around the area and we liked to visit them as often as possible. Because he’d surprised me, I reflexively yanked my arm out of his grip at my natural strength. Immediately, he’d put both palms up as if he was surrendering. He’d mistaken my quick reflex as a sign of anger. The interaction reminded me of the television show â€Å"Cops,† in which hooligans whirl around and punch an arresting police officer just on principle. Charlie must get that a lot. I quickly raised my palms to indicate a mutual surrender. I would have smiled if I hadn’t thought Charlie would interpret it as a taunt. Bella had missed our interaction and was continuing toward the car. â€Å"What can I do for you, Charlie?† I inquired politely. â€Å"I was just wondering what your folks think about you proposing to my daughter.† â€Å"Oh, they love her, they really do.† â€Å"That’s not exactly what I meant.† â€Å"No?† I wasn’t going to help him interrogate me. â€Å"No†¦uh†¦I meant what do they think of you getting married right out of high school?† â€Å"Oh! Well, you know they got married quite young themselves. Esme already had Jasper and Rosalie to look after when she met Carlisle. They fell in love and Carlisle wanted to help support the kids, so he proposed when Esme was younger than he might have otherwise. They’ve been extremely happy, so they don’t have any prejudice against getting married young.† â€Å"Do you think you’re old enough to handle this kind of responsibility? That’s my daughter you’re promising to support for the rest of your life. A re you one hundred percent sure that you’re ready for that?† â€Å"I will be there for Bella. I can assure you of that.† â€Å"What if you screw it up and things fall apart?† Charlie pressed. I thought about that for a moment before answering. I knew what he was referring to without having to read his thoughts. â€Å"There are many ways I could mess things up,† I admitted. â€Å"I’ve already made mistakes with Bella. I know that. I wasn’t here for her when she needed me. I swear to you, Charlie, I left because I wanted Bella to have a chance to find somebody better than me. But I found that I couldn’t live without her and so I came back. Jacob might be a better choice for her, but she still wants me and as long as she does, I won’t leave her. I don’t make the same mistakes twice.† Charlie just gave me his dark-eyed, policeman’s stare. I didn’t blame him. He’d watched Bella suffer daily after I abandoned her. Jacob had impressed upon me all the painful details he could summon about that time. â€Å"Jacob’s a good young man,† Charlie finally responded, â€Å"but I wouldn’t want him marrying her at his age, either.† I took another moment to consider my response, and then sighed, knowing I’d never convince him with words. â€Å"The only way to know whether I’ll be good for Bella is with time. I can’t offer you proof, but I love her more than my own life and I will take care of her, Charlie. I just hope that I can make her as happy as she makes me, though I hardly think it’s possible.† Charlie’s stare didn’t change, so I continued. â€Å"If it makes you feel any better, my family is behind us, and you know Carlisle well enough to know that he would never let Bella down†¦even if I did. My family would step in for me. That’s just the way my parents are. They’re great people.† â€Å"I know they are†¦Edward. I trust Carlisle and that’s why I’m not making more of a fuss about this.† I acknowledged his statement with a nod. â€Å"Just so you know, Charlie†¦Bella and I discussed eloping to Las Vegas and marrying without telling anyone. But Bella didn’t want to cut you out of her decision in that way, so we decided to make it a family event.† â€Å"I knew there was something going on!† Charlie exclaimed. â€Å"I had a feeling you two were going to take off together!† â€Å"Bella wants you there to walk her down the aisle, or the stairs, rather. I hope you can see your way clear to do that for her on her day.† Charlie nodded stiffly and I turned to follow Bella to the car. â€Å"That’s a fancy car you got my daughter.† â€Å"Yes, it’s a loaner. Carlisle called in a favor for me. It’s a very safe car.† â€Å"Well, that’s good. You can hardly get a car that’s safe enough to share the roads with all the bad drivers and drunk drivers out there.† â€Å"I agree. Goodnight, Charlie.† â€Å"’Night.† Charlie shut the front door and I saw that Bella was coming back to get me. I hurried toward her. â€Å"What was all that about?† â€Å"Charlie wanted to have a little ‘man-to-man’ talk about his precious daughter, but I told him I agreed with everything he said, so he loves me now.† I grinned and winked at Bella. She didn’t buy it. â€Å"No, what did he really want?† she demanded. â€Å"Tell me, or I’ll march right back and ask him!† I sighed. â€Å"Charlie just wanted to warn me about the dangers of marrying too young and make sure I was knew what I was doing.† â€Å"What did you say?† â€Å"I said that I was old for my age,† I replied, giving her a crooked smile. â€Å"You did not!† â€Å"Sure, why not? I am, aren’t I?† I teased. â€Å"Ancient. I should be grossed out being with you.† â€Å"Fortunately, I still look good and that’s what really counts.† We both laughed and, to my relief, Bella dropped the subject. Bella’s mother, Renee, had flown in two days earlier and Bella was sticking close to her except when our mothers worked on the wedding. It was odd behavior for a bride-to-be, but I wasn’t marrying Bella because she was like everyone else. Quite the opposite. When I’d come home two evenings previous, Renee was visiting Esme. In an attempt to demonstrate her acceptance of me as her almost son-in-law, Renee had dashed across the living room and thrown her arms around my neck. â€Å"Welcome to our family, Edward!† she’d said. I thought perhaps she was overexcited by the trip or by meeting my family. I hadn’t expected such an exuberant greeting, though she had no particular misgivings about Bella marrying me. Renee ended the hug abruptly when her arms encountered my cold, hard self. â€Å"Hmm,† she mumbled as she broke off contact. Hard body! was her thought, and I almost laughed out loud. The picture in her mind was complimentary, not lite ral. She was imagining what my upper body looked like without a shirt. I’d already gotten acquainted enough with Renee when Bella and I went to Florida that I knew she didn’t mean anything by it. A cougar†¦just like Bella, I thought, and smiled to myself. It was a little sad to meet Renee again, knowing that this was the last time Bella would see her, or possibly even talk to her on the phone. As I watched Bella over the course of the two days, I sensed that she was saying her goodbyes. If I’d had to give up Carlisle and Esme to be with Bella, I could have done it. I had given them up once before. But it was hard to accept that I could make Bella happy enough to give up seeing her parents. I’d asked her again last night whether she was prepared to do that and her response had been, â€Å"Are you trying to ditch me?† Then we’d started laughing and the question had gotten lost. My brothers and I didn’t get back from hunting until a couple of hours before the wedding. Esme collared us immediately and sent us to the back garden to hang flower garlands for Alice. It had to be done at the last minute or the August day would wilt them. Alice had prohibited me from going anywhere near where she was preparing Bella, so I headed to my third-floor room to make myself presentable. Alice had changed my old-fashioned tux just enough to convert it from â€Å"vintage† to â€Å"vintage chic,† as she put it. It did look good, I had to admit. I tried to neaten my normally unruly hair. I put some hair gel on it and convinced it to lie down in a semi-orderly fashion. After a time, Jasper came upstairs to tell me that the first guests were arriving. He and Emmett would be ushering them to their seats. Of course, Jasper could have told me that from downstairs, but Alice had specifically asked him to come get me, so that I wouldn’t be parading down the bride’s decorated stairway in full view of the guests. I walked outside through the kitchen door, telling Carlisle that I’d be waiting out back. He and Esme were standing by the front door to greet everyone as they arrived. This was the most important day of my life, but I hoped to have infinitely more wonderful days to enjoy with my Bella. I felt exceedingly fortunate that she wanted me as I wanted her. I could have lost her so easily. I heard the Denali clan arrive and recognized Tanya’s mental voice: Where’s Edward? It will be good to see that man again†¦mmm hmm! Who is this human girl? I can’t imagine Edward with a woman, not even a vampire woman. This will be interesting†¦ I smiled, glad to be escaping Tanya’s clutches for good. She’d given me a hard time when we were living in Alaska. She wasn’t used to being told â€Å"no thank you.† Neither vampires nor humans ever turned down Tanya’s advances. She was beautiful and charming, everything a man could want. She just wasn’t for me and she never could accept that. It was one of the reasons Carlisle decided to move our family farther south. He told everyone that we were too conspicuous and perhaps we were, all there together, but I’d had the chance to hear another reason in his mind—that Tanya can’t leave Edward alone. My father empathized when Tanya had set her sights on me. Carlisle had had plenty of pushy admirers. During his first few weeks at a new hospital, nurses would line up three deep to ogle him. He had to temper that initial interest by telling some number of them that he was happily married, thank you. Of course, he wore a wedding ring, but that didn’t discourage everyone. Once people met Esme, though, they usually stopped chasing Carlisle. She was simply too beautiful, inside and out, to compete with. I know Esme had always worried that I wasn’t fully mature as a man when Carlisle had changed me and that I might never find, or even wish for, a mate. It was true that I wasn’t interested in any of the Denali ladies. And after the trouble I’d had with Rosalie when she joined our family, I didn’t expect anything good could come of such interest anyway. When the Denalis met the only bachelor vampire they’d seen in years, each of them had set about seeking my affection. I didn’t blame them, particularly. Perhaps they’d gotten tired of human men and wanted someone more durable to partner with for a change. I could understand that to a certain degree. I didn’t go inside to greet the Denalis or any of the other arrivals. I couldn’t focus on anyone but Bella—it seemed like such a long time since I’d seen her. I was trying to reason myself out of an irrational fear that she wasn’t really there in our house, that she had changed her mind and would leave me standing alone at the altar. If I listened, I could hear her voice now and then, but I couldn’t hear her thoughts and that had never bothered me so much as it did at that moment. To distract myself, I listened at random to our guests’ thoughts and found that everyone was astonished by the decorations. Alice had put her all into planning this wedding and it showed. The flowers alone were beyond imagining. Exquisitely fragrant arrangements covered every surface of our living room and the reception area outside. Alice was particularly fond of flowers. I thought perhaps it was because she’d been deprived of beauty for so many years at the asylum. Whatever the reason, it was a boon for us all. Rosalie had started playing my grand piano, making the one instrument sound like several. I knew that Pachelbel’s Can on in D was my cue to enter the living room with Carlisle and stand in front of the flower-covered archway. He would come looking for me in the kitchen when the time came, so I walked back into the house. In due course, Carlisle came to retrieve me and after a final, heartfelt hug, we took our assigned places in front of the assembled crowd. I stood, frozen with emotion, and watched anxiously for my beloved to appear at the top of the stairs on her father’s arm. I had waited a lifetime to stand in front of these witnesses and declare my undying devotion to the one and only woman I would ever love. Time had stopped making sense when I finally heard the familiar C-F-F-F notes of â€Å"Here Comes the Bride.† I could not believe my eyes when an angel from heaven began to descend the stairs, one by one, her eyes lowered to watch her feet. It was only when I heard her whisper â€Å"Don’t let me fall, Dad,† that I knew for sure it was Bella†¦my Bella. I fretted for a second that my angel might fall and I readied myself to dash across the room to catch her. Seeing the groom disappear and reappear somewhere else would not go over well with anybody, though I reasoned that all of the guests would be looking at Bella, not at me. Still, perhaps we should have served champagne before the ceremony, just in case something like that did happen†¦but then, Bella was descending the final step. She lifted her face, searching for me. When our eyes finally met, a look of such utter joy crossed her face that I broke into an ecstatic smile. Bella’s feelings often were written on her face, but today her expression was utterly transparent. The adoration in her eyes was unmistakable and I was jubilant enough to break out in song†¦almost. Our eyes remained glued to each other while Bella carefully traversed the fifteen-foot aisle that Alice had kept short to give Bella a fair chance of remaining upright. With the way she looked in that dress, with that makeup, with everything†¦the glow, the scarlet blush, the prisms of tears in her eyes†¦I wanted to rush down the aisle to meet her and carry her back to the altar. But I remained patient, stretching out my palm so that Charlie could place Bella’s hand in mine. He regarded me seriously as he did so and I nodded my thank you to him for his great sacrifice. Charlie seated himself beside Renee, with Phil on her other side, and Bella and I turned to face the minister. I loved the traditional wedding ceremony with its promises and pronouncements, but on this occasion, each word resonated with newly unveiled meaning. When I declared â€Å"I do† to my beloved, I’d never been happier in my life. I wanted to repeat the words in every language I knew. My lovely new wife was overcome with emotion. When I leaned over to kiss her for the first time as her husband, Bella’s arms encircled my neck and she held on a s if she would never let me go. The audience had disappeared—she only had eyes for me. I kissed her with a swell of love and tenderness that made my eyes burn with the tears that didn’t come, and she met my passion with her own. Emotion poured from her as she clung to me, melding her lips with mine as if we were utterly alone in that moment. I did not mind in the least. Bella was happy to be married to me—I could feel it in my bones. When the guests began to titter, I eased my love’s face gently away from mine and looked into her tear-filled eyes. I felt my happiness radiate from me like the heat of a coal fire and I wondered briefly if my skin was sparkling in its glow. When Emmett cleared his throat unsubtly, I turned us both to face the loved ones who had gathered there and everyone broke into smiles and quiet laughter. I could not let go of Bella for a second. I wrapped my arm around her waist and practically carried her down the aisle when she forgot to move her feet. Fortunately, they were hidden by the length of her dress. Another detail that Alice had not overlooked. Bella was so stunningly beautiful that I wasn’t surprised to hear a number of inappropriate thoughts as the reception line shuffled slowly past us and on to the buffet. Alice had timed things well, so that the vampires would not have to step outside until twilight, just in case the sun came out. It was good that she did, because we had a beautiful wedding day with plenty of sunshine filtering through the ancient cedars. I was extraordinarily pleased that Billy Black and Sue and Seth Clearwater had come to the wedding. Despite the Cullens’ official status as â€Å"mortal enemies† of their tribe, the three of them were there in support of Bella and Charlie, and perhaps as a gesture of gratitude to Carlisle as well. Seth was there for me, too. Our friendship had not faded since we’d joined forces to battle Victoria and Riley. â€Å"Congrats, guys,† Seth said, coming toward me with his arms out. I hugged him with one arm while I held Bella tightly with the other. â€Å"It’s good to see things work out for you, man. I’m happy for you.† â€Å"Thank you, Seth. That means a lot to me.† Releasing Seth, I faced Billy and Sue with honest gratitude. I knew they were not there for me. â€Å"Thank you, as well. For letting Seth come. For supporting Bella today.† â€Å"You’re welcome,† Billy replied cordially and I hoped his attitude boded well for the change that was coming. I didn’t know how I was going to approach the Quileute wolf pack about Bella’s upcoming transformation. It was possible that if we left the area to avoid their ancient vendetta, that Jacob still would come to hunt us down. He had no motivation to let me change Bella, but I hoped that he and all the wolves would agree to the one exception to our treaty. Billy wasn’t giving anything away with his thoughts, but Sue’s mind was full of concern about being in a house with so many vampires. As the receiving line moved along, the only slightly awkward moment was introducing Tanya to Bella. â€Å"Ah, Edward, I’ve missed you,† Tanya said, pulling herself close to me in an intimate embrace. She lingered a bit too long in my one-armed hug—on purpose. I chuckled at her audacity as I employed one of Carlisle’s tricks for dealing with forward women†¦to press her shoulder away as if to admire the full length of her. â€Å"It’s been too long, Tanya. You look well.† Though Bella would never believe it, her beauty outshone Tanya’s many t imes over in my eyes. â€Å"So do you,† Tanya replied, a familiar note of longing in her voice. With a great swelling of pride, I interjected, â€Å"Let me introduce you to my wife.† Kate and Carmen giggled at the emphasis. My joy at using that word for the first time sang in my words. â€Å"Tanya, this is my Bella.† Bella had been uncertain about inviting Tanya and her coven, but I’d convinced her that as extended family—orphans, to boot—they must be included. I also wanted Tanya there specifically to underscore the point that I was officially and permanently unavailable. â€Å"Welcome to the family, Bella,† Tanya responded appropriately, if not altogether enthusiastically. â€Å"We consider ourselves Carlisle’s extended family, and I am sorry about the, er, recent incident when we did not behave as such. We should have met you sooner. Can you forgive us?† â€Å"Of course. It’s so nice to meet you,† Bella replied, blushing. I noted the brief flare of excitement among my cousins at the rush of blood before each of them contained it. â€Å"The Cullens are all evened up in numbers now. Perhaps it will be our turn next, eh, Kate?† Tanya grinned. Kate’s sarcastic sense of humor kicked in. â€Å"Keep the dream alive,† she said, rolling her eyes. â€Å"Welcome, Bella.† Kate took Bella’s hand and Carmen stepped up to add hers. â€Å"I’m Carmen, this is Eleazar. We’re all so very pleased to finally meet you.† â€Å"M-me, too,† Bella stuttered. I thought she was holding up well considering she was meeting my â€Å"relatives† for the first time. â€Å"We’ll get to know each other later. We’ll have eons of time for that!† Tanya remarked, laughing. I enjoyed performing the rituals of the wedding celebration. Alice had ordered a gorgeous, artfully decorated cake, its beauty being the only aspect of it I could truly appreciate. I did not relish swallowing the chunky blob Bella pushed toward my face, but that could not be avoided with such an attentive audience. Flashbulbs popped, capturing the uncomfortable moment for all time. Bella tossed her bouquet to Angela, who blushed puce and carefully avoided the eyes of her escort, Ben, which are six inches lower than her own. When it came time to lift Bella’s skirt and remove her garter with my teeth, she blushed hotly while Jasper and Emmett guffawed at her embarrassment. I wasn’t allowed to venture too far up her dress, since she slid the garter below her knee before I got the chance. Still, it was a fun moment, biting the elastic band and dragging it slowly down her calf. After detaching it from her leg, I stretched the elastic into a slingshot, aiming for Mike Newton’s head. The garter snapped him in the forehead and his mouth dropped open.

In Murmuring Judges, David Hare uses Barry to represent the stereotypical bent policemen that were seen as typical in the late 1980s and early 90s

In Murmuring Judges, David Hare uses Barry to represent the stereotypical ‘bent’ policemen that were seen as typical in the late 1980s and early 90s. Through Barry, Hare shows not only corruption in the police force, as evidenced by Barry planting the Semtex, but also suggests that the police were overworked and under budgeted, â€Å"too much overtime†. Here, Hare shows the dichotomy of sympathy for the police alongside corruption, as he shows Barry to be trying to do is job in difficult times, however, the overarching role of Barry is to show corruption and immorality in policing. Throughout the play, Hare shows the effect of the 1984 Criminal Evidence Act, intended to make policing more about paperwork, and shows how the police feel it is undermining their job; â€Å"we should all just sit in the nick and make policy drafts† highlights how this has changed the nature of policy. Barry is presented as against this, and continues to use older methods of policing, â€Å"It’ my method. † Through this, Hare portrays police corruption, as Barry’s methods are often immoral and even illegal. Hare also presents Barry to see some crimes as â€Å"boring† and â€Å"pointless†, which suggests he is only interested in crimes he can get a good result for, such as bringing down Travis and Fielding in Gerard McKinnon’s crime. Hare also shows Barry to think police resources are wasted by saying â€Å"and yet look at us†, highlighting his personal frustration as again shown by â€Å"please tell me, what is the point? † Interest, Barry seemingly has the same perception of lawyers as the audience have through Sir Peter, suggesting they are â€Å"rich bastards† who participate in â€Å"tax evasion†. It could then be argued that Barry feels justified in his corruption, as the government is also corrupt, â€Å"the government happily lets rich bastards walk away with†. â€Å"You used to be smart† suggests Barry wasn’t always corrupt, which again suggests his actions are due to his frustration at the justice system. The relationship between Barry and Sandra gives the audience insight into both Barry’s character and feelings towards women at the time. Although there is a difference in rank between the pair, DC to PC, Barry is never shown to treat men in a lesser position with the same patronising manner he uses towards Sandra. Here, Hare portrays sexism within the police at the time, which is furthered by Sandra and Barry’s affair, as it could be argued that Sandra is stereotypically ‘sleeping her way to the top’. Hare shows Barry to â€Å"get a kick out of secrecy†, which is in reference to his affair but is also evidenced in his corruption, as no-one else is portrayed in this manner. The fact that Barry is shown to be â€Å"relieved at the change of subject† from his corruption could suggest that he is ashamed, as he is â€Å"able to relax† once they are discussing something else. However, Barry’s lack of personal morals as highlighted in his relationship with Sandra, â€Å"I waited for you†¦I had a rugby match†, which suggests a general disregard could be used to argue that Barry most likely is indifferent about having planted the Semtex. This representation of the police as reckless and immoral suggests Hare views the police in a negative light as they would allow innocent men to go to prison, as shown by Gerard. This was undoubtedly influenced by high profile cases such as the Guilford Four or the Birmingham Six, where men were unjustly sent down for bombings. I did my trick. It always works† suggests the extent of Barry corruption, implying he has framed people before, but more importantly, he knows he can get away with it, through which Hare shows the dangers of immorality in the police. â€Å"You should go on Mastermind† in reference to Barry shows that he is a respected figure in amongst the officers, with which Hare coul d suggest that Barry was in a position to spread corruption throughout the force, as he is admired by the lower ranks. Hare uses this again to highlight the danger of immorality and corruption in the police. Earlier, Barry is also presented as part of the ‘boys club’, as Hare shows banter between the male officers, â€Å"I was conducting an interview†¦ with the barmaid†¦ horizontally†, suggesting that Barry is one of the ‘lads’. Increasingly, Barry is presented as a misogynist and a racist throughout the play, not only towards Sandra but also towards Irina and Gerard. This attitude is shown through the dialogue between Barry and Irina on pg101; â€Å"I don’t take lectures† towards Irina suggests he sees her as beneath him. However, Hare also uses this scene to strengthen the presentation of Barry’s disliking towards lawyers, as shown by â€Å"when was the last time anyone was sick on your wig†, which suggests Barry sees lawyers as out of touch with the real job of justice. This is furthered by â€Å"why don’t you go sit on a committee, ironic as Irina does exactly that at the end of the play, which shows Barry to believe lawyers to be bossy, and â€Å"something-must-be-done’rs†, as Beckett describes them, but ultimately to be useless. At the end of the play, as earlier mentioned, Irina decides to try and change the justice system; in contrast, Barry is presented as exactly the same, as he is still frustrated at the system, â€Å"if they spent half the time trying to support the coppers†. In the earlier scene, Hare portrays Jimmy as out of the club, which is highlighted by Barry saying â€Å"English sense of humour†, again showing Barry to be part of a very, male dominated system. Hare also presents Barry as casually racist here, as there is no evidence that Jimmy is not English, an attitude which is also shown by Barry towards Gerard, â€Å"he was kind of Irish†, a reference to the negative view of the Irish at the time due to the IRA. This also shows the system to be casually racist, as we see that because Gerard is Irish, it is much more believable that he would plant explosives. Hare shows this to be wrong through his portrayal of Gerard, who is hugely different from the stereotype of a criminal. To a lesser extent, police corruption is also shown by Barry’s treatment of Keith, as Barry is suggested to have â€Å"promised him a caution† suggesting Barry was using bribery to get Keith to cooperate. Overall, despite the suggestion of sympathy for Barry as someone trying to do a difficult job, Barry is largely presented as everything Hare dislikes about the police, as he is shown to be racist, corrupt, immoral and misogynistic. Hare uses Barry as an example of wider police corruption, suggesting that Barry isn’t an isolated case but the whole system is corrupt. Barry is juxtaposed against Sandra who is shown to be conscientious and willing to make a difference. However, Hare presents all characters trying to make the system better as isolated and seen as inferior, as shown with Irina, whilst Barry is shown as ‘one of the boys’, overall suggesting that people like Barry will ultimately continue with â€Å"their method† whilst Sandra and such will fail to make a difference. This representation is shown to be the worn outcome for Hare, who is a supporter of change but this represents the reality of policing at the time.

Women in the Workforce essays

Women in the Workforce essays Cohn, L. (2000, February 15). Tucked away in the latest "Economic Report of the President" is a slew of statistics describing the contribution women have made to the supercharged U.S. economy. The annual report, released in mid-February by President Clinton's Council of Economic Advisers, says that "the progress made by women in the paid labor market has been one of the most important economic changes of the 20th century." Petroff-Tobler, L. (2002, September 15). Among the factors contributing to women's entrance into the workplace were propaganda, economic necessity, and a general sense of patriotism and duty to their country to contribute in whatever way they could. Propaganda relating to the assimilation of women into the general workforce was a major tool used to manipulate the people's view of what was appropriate and necessary for women to do. Undoubtedly more important than the fact that women now had more opportunity is the effect that these new opportunities had on the psyche of America's women. In a group of collected letters, women speak of rationing, war bond rallies, salvage campaigns, blood drives, civil defense work, planting and harvesting victory gardens, Red Cross work, and hostessing at United Service Organization, but the underlying feelings regarding these newly acquired responsibilities and freedoms seem to be the most useful aspects of these letters. It can be gathered fr om these that most women were proud of their new accomplishments and enjoyed the new senses of self-reliance and confidence instilled in them through their jobs. They found new capabilities that they were not aware of. Unfortunately, they were unaware of the reality that soon the war would end and things would go back to the way they were before WWII to an extent. Men's return home at the conclusion of the war brought bad tides for women despite their rejoicing at their relatives and friends return. Th...

How to Make Homemade Gel Air Fresheners

How to Make Homemade Gel Air Fresheners You can buy gel air fresheners, but if you make your own, you can choose your own scent, color, and decorations. Its easy, fun and takes less than an hour to make! For holiday appeal, consider layering different colored gels or using seasonal fragrances (e.g., pine or cinnamon for Christmas). Ingredients 2 cups distilled wateressential oil/fragrance4 packages unflavored gelatinempty jarfood coloring (optional)mold inhibitor (optional) How to Make a Gel Air Freshener Heat 1 cup of distilled water to boiling.Stir in 4 packages of unflavored gelatin (e.g., Knox) until dissolved.Remove the mixture from heat and stir in the other 1 cup water.Add 10-20 drops of essential oil or other concentrated fragrance. If desired, add food coloring to tint your gel. You may also wish to add a mold inhibitor, such as 1-2 T salt OR a small amount of potassium sorbate OR a splash of vodka.Pour the gel into clean baby food jars or other small, decorative containers.The gel will set at room temperature, although you can place the air fresheners in the refrigerator for a quick set (and scented fridge).Decorate your jars as desired and enjoy! Useful Tips This project requires heat, so adult supervision is required.Feel free to scale the recipe up or down to make the amount of gel you need (e.g., 1 cup water to 2 pkg gelatin).If you wish, you can (carefully) dissolve gelatin in concentrated liquid potpourri (no other ingredients needed) to make your air fresheners. Use a ratio of 1 cup liquid to 2 packages gelatin.You can make multi-colored gels by pouring a new color over one which has already set up (like making a layered gelatin dessert).

Evaluation of the national energy investment opportunities in wind Essay

Evaluation of the national energy investment opportunities in wind generation in Uk - Essay Example The current energy market consists of nuclear energy technology, hydroelectric systems, fossil fuels (i.e. coal and petroleum), with a sudden emergence in recent years of wind power development processes. This research project will focus specifically on electrical energy, with major players including nPower, E-On, Scottish Power and EDF (Boilers Prices, 2012). Currently, 91.4 percent of all electricity utilised in the UK come from traditional, non-renewable sources which indicates a need for further growth in renewable technology in this market. The entire UK energy market is currently valued at over ?28 billion (Research and Markets, 2008), which represents significant profit opportunities for the Big 6 energy providers, corporate investment and various venture capitalists looking for return on investment in energy. Passing of the Planning Act in 2008 provided new opportunities for all of these firms and independent investors to contribute more capital to infrastructure development by establishing a singular consent regime advocating more liberal government-mandated policies for what is referred to as Nationally Significant Infrastructure Projects (Sustainable Development Commission, 2012). 3. UK renewable energy strategy The European Union has been integral in dictating policy regarding the renewable energy strategies for member nations. In 2001, the EU Renewables Directive proposed a target for member nations to achieve 22.1 percent development of renewable electricity (Dept of Energy and Climate Change, 2010). This Renewables Directive highlights specific, incremental steps necessary to achieve this target including solar photovoltaic, hydroelectricity and wind power. The UK share of this directive was to be 10 percent renewable electricity by 2010 (DECC, 2012), a target met when including wind and other renewable project developments in the UK. Currently, renewable electricity accounts for 9.6 percent of total UK renewable delivery with a significant surge in wind technology since 2007, a rise in output of 120 percent annually (Guardian.co.uk, 2011). Figure 1 illustrates the significant growth in renewable with an emphasis on wind power from 1997 to 2007. Figure 1: National Statistics Illustrating Growth in Renewable Energy Sources Source: uk-air.defra.gov.uk/reports (2009). Statistics on Renewable Energy Improvements 1997-2007. Growth in renewable technology is being promoted by national government, local community government, corporate investment, and even consumer sentiment about sustainable living that influences both policy makers and development of investment firms dedicated to improving renewable energy source production. For instance, the Carbon Trust, an independent yet governmentally funded company is currently a major advocate for renewable energy sources, reinvesting capital from various commercial activities and reapplying this capital to achieve this mission (Carbon Trust, 2012). Partnerships between governmental actors , corporate investors, and independent companies like Carbon Trust have assisted in making progress to have more transparent renewable markets internationally and domestically. They have influenced the implementation of the Climate Change Bill, a measure providing liberalisation, incentives

Should China be Promoting Big Business Groups Essay

Should China be Promoting Big Business Groups - Essay Example As the discussion stresses Chinas enterprise groups have performed better than any other enterprise. They are competitive and ready for the challenge of improving the nation’s economy. They have driven the economy of china to a higher level. The process of transforming these enterprises is better known as Jituanhua. By 2004, china transformed about 2692 enterprises into enterprise groups. This enterprise groups provided employment for almost 30 million people in china. Their output has grown up to 21% annually. These enterprise groups expanded more as many more companies joined in to work together.From this paper it is clear that  China has adopted the East Asian style to development. This started all the way from 1980s when it was realized to be one of the fast growing economies in East Asia. They key models imitated by the Chinese economy from other already developed states in East Asia are state controls over the finance, government intervention in state firms, substituti ng imports in some industries and high export activities. A lot of saving and investment is also encouraged locally. Much similarity is noticed between Taiwan and china since they both have private and state enterprise sectors that play the crucial role in their development strategies.  It is surprising that this was the case even though china shared most of the affected sector with other East Asian countries.... This started all the way from 1980s when it was realized to be one of the fast growing economies in East Asia. They key models imitated by the Chinese economy from other already developed states in East Asia are state controls over the finance, government intervention in state firms, substituting imports in some industries and high export activities. A lot of saving and investment is also encouraged locally. Much similarity is noticed between Taiwan and china since they both have private and state enterprise sectors that play the crucial role in their development strategies. In 1997 and 1998, there was a financial crisis that affected the East Asian countries though china was affected at a minimal degree. It is surprising that this was the case even though china shared most of the affected sector with other East Asian countries. The East Asian financial crisis According to (Yang & Tyes, 1999), the East Asian countries were doing remarkably well in the financial development around the year 1997. Financial and currency crisis affected this greatly. Many economies in this region that had expanded started to slow down. This era experienced currency depreciations. According to (Yang & Tyes, 1999) â€Å"The external crisis combined with domestic reforms and with the changes that were taking place in the macroeconomic policy to retard overall economic growth and an increase in employment.† The Chinese people had long valued the culture of saving and using the savings future which saved china’s economy from collapsing like the rest of the East Asian states. Japan experienced a drop in investment to about a tenth in the years 1997-1998. In some countries, the economy declined by a half. Production of