Why has Richard Wagner been a controversial composer even today Essays

Why has Richard Wagner been a dubious writer even today Essays Why has Richard Wagner been a dubious writer even today Essay Why has Richard Wagner been a dubious writer even today Essay in which the ensemble was not, at this point a basic backup to the artists, however a basic piece of the activity. Wagner made the music nonstop, not at all like the past inclination to make a drama as an assortment of isolated arias and groups which could be performed independently . He utilized an intricate arrangement of what are called Leitmotifs, or melodic thoughts which represent characters , things or thoughts in the dramatization. With Wagner, harmonies turned out to be more mind boggling than any time in recent memory, and his progressive utilization of this component affected authors all over the place, and prompted the music of the twentieth century. As I previously referenced, Wagner is the most dubious writer of nineteenth century. He isolates individuals as no other arranger did it previously. Many individuals and melodic pundits discover his work grand, yet there are a great deal of other people who cannot stand his music, due to his thoughts, for the most part political feelings in the reality. Indeed, even a century back, numerous pundits and authors thought his music was terrible commotion, with the most uproarious harmonies, however others perceived its significance. Wagners shows, works, his legislative issues, convictions and unconventional way of life made him a dubious figure during his lifetime. The discussion about his thoughts and their translation, especially in Germany during the twentieth century, kept on making him strategically and socially questionable such that other incredible writers are most certainly not. The greatest issue is produced by Wagners remarks on Jews, which keep on impacting how his functions are respected, and by the articles he composed on the idea of race from 1850 onwards, and their putative effect on the counter Semitism of Adolf Hitler. In a portion of his expositions, Wagner assaults Jewish counterparts, particularly Felix Mendelssohn, and blamed Jews for being a destructive and outsider component in German culture. Wagner expressed the German individuals were repulsed by their outsider appearance and conduct. He contended that since Jews had no association with the German soul, Jewish artists were just equipped for delivering shallow and counterfeit music. They thusly made music to accomplish notoriety and, subsequently, money related achievement, rather than making veritable show-stoppers. That is the reason, Wagner was the Hitlers most loved arranger and he made his name an image of the Nazis. Because of his captivation, Hitler received numerous pieces of Wagners thought and utilized this as publicity that would impact World War II. Thus Wagners dramas can't be found in the cutting edge province of Israel in spite of the fact that his works have been communicated on government-possessed TV and radio. Right up 'til today, the individuals who endeavor organizing open exhibitions are stopped by fights, including fights from Holocaust survivors. As an incredible model, I have viewed, the extraordinary from the filmmaking perspective, Triumph of the Will the most emotional at any point made publicity film by Leni Riefenstahl, which annals the 1934 Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg. The film opens with shots of the mists over the city, and afterward travels through the mists to coast over the amassing masses beneath, with the goal of depicting magnificence and greatness of the scene. The shadow of Hitlers plane is obvious as it disregards the minuscule figures walking beneath, joined by music from Richard Wagners Die Meistersinger von Ni rnberg, which gradually transforms into the Horst-Wessel-Lied. Among Wagners thoughts was that the show be a continuous song, additionally accentuating dramatization as a point of convergence. To Wagner, the drama was a definitive mix of the considerable number of expressions. Spending numerous years in a state of banishment, he went for extensive stretches without hearing the presentation of his own works. It is exceedingly hard for us of the current age to do equity to Wagner, or to show up at any last and fair-minded ends concerning the perpetual estimation of his immense accomplishment. As an end, today Wagner is not, at this point an image of Nationalism and Nazism, as he was toward the start of the contention. Like Lili Eylon in her exposition Wagner Controversy says: The inquiry isn't whether Wagners music is of high or low quality, nor is the contention about how profound situated was his enemy of Semitism extremely applicable. There is no uncertainty that there have been different arrangers who were no less enemy of Semitic. While it can't be kept up that Wagner was legitimately answerable for German National Socialism, there is no uncertainty that he was an incredible image in the Nazi time, and his music held a particular significance in the Nazi mind. For the individuals who endure the Holocaust, Wagners music is awful token of the awfulness those individuals have experienced. For them music must be isolated from the governmental issues, yet sadly Wagner was the writer, who really combined them and turned into the arranger of music and race.

Internet Management Free Essays

Web Corporation for Assigned names and Numbers (ICANN) is the non-legislative association that is basically liable for settling on key specialized choices identified with the web.  ICANN was built up in 1998 in California, United States. Beforehand, it was Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), run by US government, which played out these tasks(ICANN,n. We will compose a custom paper test on Web Management or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now d.).ccording to the Joint undertaking understanding between US government and ICANN, the obligations of ICANN are to guarantee straightforwardness and responsibility in issues identified with specialized coordination of web addresses, security of root name servers, and participating in Government Advisory Committee. For open, what it basically does is that it finds a way to arrange one of a kind locations of sites. Control of substance on web, halting of spam, and access to web don't go under its responsibilities(ICANN,n.d.). 2. For what reason is this association so dubious? Since the time the IANA’s errands were moved to ICANN, the contention over its operations started.  ICANN is primarily reprimanded for its unaccountability and clandestine activities. It isn't dependent upon the sort of responsibility that other non-administrative associations are. A few pundits additionally contend that ICANN has sabotaged its representatives to challenge it functions through California’s laws(ICANN,n.d.). To start with years, executives were designated after a network of web clients casted a ballot them to positions. In any case, after at some point, that standard was dispensed with and now the executives are not named through a popularity based procedure. ICANN protected itself by saying that they were rebuilding themselves to come up to the desires for current web. Be that as it may, pundits don't concur. So till this day, ICANN is an association which is dependent upon negligible responsibility. It is likewise being reprimanded for not letting governments, United Nations, and International Telecommunication Union to practice fitting degree of intensity. 3. What are a couple of late choices this association has as of late gone under analysis for? On 25th June, ICANN acquainted new standards with respect with site spaces. Already, a site proprietor could get a site that finished in .com, .organization and so on. In any case, presently they have increasingly decision. They can purchase a location which can end in any capacity, for example, .khi, .apple and so on.  Many individuals have reprimanded this move since they accept that there is no requirement for more rivalry in this market. Some likewise fight that there is no interest for extra areas. Another significant concern with respect to this program is the significant expense of getting a gTLD. As indicated by ITworld.com, ICANN would like to get $185,000 from associations for gTLD and an extra $75,000 every year more to keep it. In this way, the expense is tremendous. Administrations of Paris and New York, who intend to get the new gTLD, likewise state that the expense of getting another gTLD is excessively high (ICANN,n.d.). 4. For what reason do you suspect as much numerous individuals by and large are unconscious about who controls the web? One straightforward purpose behind individuals not monitoring who controls web is that individuals are not intrigued to think about it. A significant number of the standard web surfers are essentially worried about visiting their preferred sites and not with thinking about the controllers of web. In spite of the fact that proprietors of the site purchase areas for themselves yet they don't think about who controls web. One purpose behind this can be that numerous proprietors of sites are part-clocks. In this way, they need more time to think about these issues. Step by step instructions to refer to Internet Management, Essays

Sixth Grade Essay Writing Samples

Sixth Grade Essay Writing SamplesSixth grade essay writing samples is usually what the sixth graders are looking for when they come to you for a project. They want their homework done and they want it to be something that will help them in the future. The most important thing is to write well, and not be boring or dry.It doesn't matter if your students have taken the SAT or ACT, because they can also be scored by essays. It's just that the great essays should stand out more than the ones that make the grade only once. Your students will tell you after they are done with their papers if they wrote it well or not.Whether they are in middle school grades or high school, the number one goal is that you don't come up short on your deadline. If your child has an essay due, it means that they're learning. That means that you are their instructor.You know the drill, you ask them to do something with essay and they come up with a few ideas that are already good. They know how to organize and present information. They will work hard to make an essay that they like and that fits the topic.The best thing you can do for them is to get them to create the essay you need. You may get to a point where you have exhausted all of the essays you've been able to find. If that's the case, there are some online essays sites that will help you compile a team of samples for your students.Your middle school kids will love you for that, because they will know that you put effort into finding their essay writing samples. They will feel proud of themselves for being able to take care of a project they needed to do. They will appreciate the fact that you did the research so that they don'thave to.While you may not have the time for a team assignment, try checking out their writing samples. Most of them are good, but don't assume that every project is going to work out fine. Give your students a chance to give you the best essays possible, and remember that the worst thing you can do is give them poor projects.Many of the writing samples you will find online are complete and they are not incomplete. It's just that the students had a hard time coming up with the topics that needed to be covered. When it comes to making your sixth graders write an essay, homework, or report, you will need to make sure you get them good essay writing samples.

The Life of Stephen Hawking Essay - 576 Words

Born January 8, 1942 in Oxford England, Stephen Hawking was born -as some say- into a family of intellects. Stephens’s father, Frank hawking, studied at Oxford University as a medical researcher – while mother, Isobel Hawking, was one of the first women to attend the university in the 1930’s (a time period when not many women considered college). The two raised four children together, Stephen being the oldest. While Stephens’s father would have had the eldest children study medicine at university, it was apparent from an early age that Stephen and his siblings had taken to the stars. In his prime educational years, it was seen that Stephen was bright but was considered to be a poor student. He was more interested in games and fun,†¦show more content†¦It was due to this discovery in the world of physics and science that Hawking’s career would boost into publishing and into teaching opportunities. Hawking is also renowned for his theories that would introduce the world to different views on the universe. One of which he shares with Jim Hartle, on the boundaries of the universe. It was in 1983 that Hawking and Hartle came together using quantum mechanics, and Einstein’s theory of General Relativity to introduce the paradoxical concept of the universe being a contained entity – but with no boundaries. Hawking said to think of the concept, in which you are viewing the universe as the surface of the earth. With the earth being a sphere, you know that by either direction that you travel – there are no corners – no endings or boundaries. However, one of the major differences between the earth and the universe – is that the earth’s surface is two dimensional (though the earth itself is three) and that the universe is four dimensional. Hawking explains the concept further with space-time. Space-time here works like the lines of latitude on a globe. The North Pole (the beginning of the universe) going south, means the circumferences get bigger until the lines go beyond the equator; in which they would get smaller. This means that the universe is finite in space-time; thus explaining the paradoxical concept of the universe being a contained entity with no boundaries. It is through the works and contributions ofShow MoreRelatedThe Life Of Stephen Hawking Essay722 Words   |  3 Pages The Life of Stephen Hawking Stephen Hawking. A bright student, a brilliant physicist, a brave man. The life of Hawking is full of ups and downs, peaks and valleys, enlightened intelligence, and devastating disabilities. (I’m still working on this bit) Stephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents - Frank and Isobel Hawking- resided in London, though because World War II was in full swing at this pointRead MoreEssay on Stephen Hawking Biography1328 Words   |  6 Pagesname is Stephen Hawking. He has written many books, attended two universities, and is a renowned scientist. From conception to the present, Stephen Hawking has lived a very interesting life. Stephen William Hawking was born to Frank and Isobel Hawking on January the 8th, 1942 in Oxford, England. Incredibly enough, Hawking was born exactly 300 years after the death of the famed astronomer and early physicist, Galileo Galilei, who died in 1642. As a child, Stephen lived a normal life. He had lovingRead MoreStephen Hawking : The Great Minds Of This Era1319 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential people in fields from science to literature. Stephen Hawking has made an astounding impact through his studies in physics and cosmology. Not only is he known for his many works, Stephen Hawking is honored even more for his fight against ALS. Stephen Hawking is one of the great minds of this era with his exceptional ability to think and overcome adversity from his early childhood into his current age of seventy-three. Much of Stephen Hawking’s childhood experiences changed and developed himRead MoreStephen Hawking : A Man Of Introspect1325 Words   |  6 PagesStephen Hawking: A Man of Introspect Throughout the years, there have been many influential people in fields from science to literature. Stephen Hawking has made an astounding impact through his studies in physics and cosmology. Not only is he known for his many works, Stephen Hawking is honored even more for his fight against ALS. Stephen Hawking is one of the great minds of this era with his exceptional ability to think and overcome adversity from his early childhood into his current age of seventy-threeRead MoreStephen Hawking : A Scientist977 Words   |  4 PagesWhen we think of Stephen Hawking we think of a world renowned physicist, but rarely do we stop to appreciate the road that lead him to change our world. Stephen Hawking has made many publications and discoveries, but he could not have done it alone without the help of his friends, family, and of course his software. On January 8, 1942, the 300th anniversary of Galileo’s death, Frank and Isobel Hawking had their first son, Stephan William Hawking in Oxford, England. Stephen Hawking’s father hopedRead MoreStephen William Hawking : Stephen Hawking1379 Words   |  6 PagesStephen Hawking Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 to Isobel and Frank Hawking in Oxford, United Kingdom. As a young boy, Stephen showed a passion for science and the sky. In his early years, Stephen was known as a bright kid outside of school. He was ranked third to last his first year at St. Albans, but that did not bother him because he had his mind set on things aside from school. Early Life Stephen Hawking is a Physics professor at Cambridge University, locatedRead MoreStephen Hawking s Death Of The Greatest Scientist864 Words   |  4 Pagesof your body was completely paralyzed. You can’t talk, and you can hardly move. This disease is called amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lou Gehrig’s disease, or ALS and this is what Stephen Hawking has. Despite the fact that he is handicapped, he has managed to become one of the greatest scientists ever. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 (exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo Galilei) in Oxford, England. As a kid, he was fascinated with the idea of an ever-growing universe that heRead MoreStephen Hawking Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesStephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England. At an early age, Hawking showed a passion for science and the sky. At age 21, while studying cosmology at the University of Cambridge, he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Despite his debilitating illness, he has done groundbreaking work in physics and cosmology and his several books have helped to make science accessible to everyone. His Scottish mother had earned her way into Oxford University in the 1930s. His fatherRead MoreA Brief Note On The Ice Bucket Challenge1825 Words   |  8 Pagesand happens to be the other name people refer this disease as. I answered with â€Å"Stephen Hawking†, and people would give me a bewildered look as if asking me â€Å"who the heck is that?† I would stare back in absolute shock and little bit of horror, because honestly, who has not heard of the man that basically theorized black holes and extended Einstein’s idea of general relativity with quantum physics theory. Stephen Hawking, who is a little less than a god, is â€Å"arguably the most famous scientist aliveRead MoreThe Greatest Heroes Of Stephen Hawking1999 Words   |  8 Pagesquote from the famous Stephen Hawking, which shows that intelligence is not measured by how much you know, but rather by what you do with what you know. Stephen Hawking has continually showed the many characteristics of a hero through his life, even while fighting with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Stephen Hawking grew up in England and was diagnosed with ALS at a very young age. However, he did not let this stop him from shaking the foundations of science forever. Stephen Hawking is considered one

Georgia Tech Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Georgia Institute of Technology is a public research university with an acceptance rate of 22.6%. Applicants can apply to Georgia Tech by using the Common Application or the Coalition Application. Students who wish to be considered for Georgia Techs academic scholarships must submit their application by the Early Action deadline. Considering applying to Georgia Tech? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including the average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Why Georgia Tech? Location: Atlanta, GeorgiaCampus Features: Georgia Techs 400-acre urban campus gives students close proximity to area restaurants, museums, and a wide range of cultural events.Student/Faculty Ratio: 22:1Athletics: The Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets compete in the NCAA Division I Atlantic Coast Conference.Highlights: Georgia Tech represents one of the best values in the country for science and technology fields. The school places a heavy emphasis on research, so students gain plenty of hands-on experiences. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Georgia Tech had an acceptance rate of 22.6%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 22 were admitted, making GTs admissions process highly competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 35,613 Percent Admitted 22.6% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 39% SAT Scores and Requirements Georgia Tech requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 73% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 670 730 Math 680 770 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of Georgia Techs admitted students fall within the top 20% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Georgia Tech scored between 670 and 730, while 25% scored below 670 and 25% scored above 730. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 680 and 770, while 25% scored below 680 and 25% scored above 770. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1500 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Georgia Tech. Requirements Georgia Tech does not require the SAT writing section. Note that GT participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. At Georgia Tech, SAT Subject tests are optional; applicants can submit SAT Subject test scores if they believe they will improve their overall application. ACT Scores and Requirements Georgia Tech requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 58% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 31 35 Math 30 35 Composite 30 34 This admissions data tells us that most of Georgia Techs admitted students fall within the top 7% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Georgia Tech received a composite ACT score between 30 and 34, while 25% scored above 34 and 25% scored below 30. Requirements Georgia Tech does not require the ACT writing section. Unlike many universities, GT superscores ACT results; your highest subscores from multiple ACT sittings will be considered. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA for incoming Georgia Tech freshman was 4.07, and over 90% of admitted students had GPAs over 3.75. These results suggest that most successful applicants to Georgia Tech have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Georgia Tech Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex.   The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Georgia Tech. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances The Georgia Institute of Technology is a highly selective public university that accepts less than a quarter of all applicants. Accepted students tend to have both high grades and high test scores. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students, and you can see that the majority of students who got in had a high school GPA of 3.5 or higher, SAT scores (ERWM) of 1200 or higher, and an ACT composite score of 25 or higher. The higher those numbers are, the more likely a student is to be accepted. Note that a few students with high GPAs and strong test scores still got rejected or waitlisted from Georgia Tech. In fact, theres a lot of red (rejected students) and yellow (waitlisted students) hidden behind the blue and green in the upper right of the graph. Note also that a few students were accepted with test scores and grades a bit below the norm. This is because Georgia Tech has a holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong application essay and glowing letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their test scores are outside Georgia Techs average range. The Georgia Tech admissions website lists the factors that are used to make admissions decisions: Academic PreparationStandardized Test ScoresContribution to the CommunityPersonal EssaysRecommendationsInterviewMajor SelectionInstitutional Fit All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Georgia Techs Undergraduate Admissions Office.

The Holocaust Essay - 988 Words

THE HOLOCAUST The Holocaust is debatably one of the most tragic events in history to ever occur. Adolf Hitler, the leader of this most devastating affair, was so opposed to people different than him, that he caused the mass murder of countless Jews, gypsies, Blacks, Check Slovakians and other unique kids of people. The Holocaust, which lasted from around 1941 to 1945, caused much response from the countries directly affected and other countries around the world. Germany was in a horrible economic state after terribly losing World War One, and they needed to find a way to totally reconstruct their entire economy, and Hitler fit the bill. With his phenomenal speaking skills, Hitler was unable to ignore. He spoke with great confidence,†¦show more content†¦This devious, but extremely well thought out plan was the beginning of the mass murder of a culture. Hitler had convinced much of the German race that the Jews, as a whole, were trying to contaminate German blood, and sadly many people believed him. This did not end well for the Jews. Jews had to wear a bright, large, yellow Star of David on their shirt sleeves so that they could be recognized and avoided from afar. Many Jews tried to flee from Germany, but were not able to due to their poor financial state. Jews that still lived in Germany were hated, spit on, beaten, rejected, and denied of service, and many other things, not only from German citizens, but also Hitler’s evil Gestapo agents. For example, many German citizens would bombard Jewish shops and stores with bats, and vandalize their stores. Jews were starting to realize their horrible fate. Hitler persuaded the German race a little bit more everyday that the Jews were responsible for all of Germany’s failures. Hitler began to establish groups for young children that taught them how to report any un-German behavior. This caused many young children to turn against their own families, neighbors, and friends to ensure a Jewish free race. Anyone reported as being Jewish or helping a Jewish person was sent to concentration camps. Life in concentration camps was, in a word, horrible. The schedule for a prisoner included working for around twelve hours a day in horrible conditions, then going backShow MoreRelatedHolocaust : Holocaust And Holocaust1247 Words   |  5 Pages History of holocaust Holocaust Term Paper Jewish people were tortured, abused, and subjected through horrific unfathomable situations by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. Despite all of the unpragmatic hardships Jews all over Europe faced, many stayed true to their faith and religion. There are numerous stories in which Jewish people tried to keep the roots of their religion well knowing the risk of torture and death. The never ending fear of Jewish people living in the Ghettos and trying to surviveRead MoreHolocaust : The Holocaust And Holocaust1247 Words   |  5 PagesWe all know the horrific experience, the Jews faced during the Holocaust and after it. Even after some survived the holocaust physically, they will always be tormented and haunted by those gruesome memories from those inhumane actions that were directed towards them. After, all they went through it is obvious the holocaust affected the survivor s drastically, but how about the future generations of Jews. In which I believe the holocaust did in fact affect the second generation, but the third generationRead MoreThe Holocaust : A Holocaust930 Words   |  4 PagesThe Holocaust is one of the most well known genocides that have taken place. It had destroyed millions of Jewish lives and has caused a historical pain to these people that cannot be taken away till this day. The Holocaust can be seen from Goldhagen’s perspective of eliminationism. It did have all of the five steps and yet there was uniqueness about the Holocaust. The first one that can be looked at is the concentration camp itself. The history of the camp and the stories are still being unfoldedRead MoreHolocaust : The Holocaust And Holocaust1328 Words   |  6 PagesThe Holocaust The holocaust is a term originally referred to a religious rite in which an offering is incinerated. But today, has another meaning; is any human disaster of great magnitude and importance, mainly refers to the extermination of the Jews who lived in Europe conducted by the Germany government. Throughout the nineteenth century, the Jewish community was improving their situation and their rights equalized to those of other citizens in most European countries. But despite this, these peopleRead MoreHolocaust : An Examination Of The Holocaust1117 Words   |  5 Pages In the summer of 1944 the soviets freed the Jewish from the concentration camps like Belzec, Treblinka and the most infamous killing camp Auschwitz. In an examination of the holocaust I will converse the effects of the holocaust and their worlds response, to its victims and perpetrators. The aftermath of the holocaust shows the mass Genocide people found, as Germany cures itself it showed civilization that we should not let someone manipulate us, and let them change our ideals and beliefs. I willRead MoreThe Holocaust Of The Jewish Holocaust858 Words   |  4 PagesThe Jewish Holocaust is often described as the largest, most gruesome holocaust in history. It began in 1933 with the rise of Adolf Hitler and lasted nearly twelve years until the Nazi Party were defeated by the Allied powers in 1945. The expression â€Å"Holocaust† originated from Greece which is translated to â€Å"sacrifice by fire†. This is a very proper name considering the slaughter and carnage of Jewi sh people inflicted by the Nazis. In addition to the Jewish, Gypsies, Jehovah’s Witnesses, homosexualRead MoreThe holocaust959 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Year 10 Humanities 2013 Unit 2: World War 2 Task 2 The Holocaust The Causes of the Holocaust The Process of the Holocaust In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million. Most European Jews lived in countries that Germany would occupy during World War II. By 1945, the Germans killed nearly two out of every three European Jews as part of the Final Solution, the Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe. Although Jews, whom the Nazis deemed a priority danger toRead MoreThe Holocaust971 Words   |  4 Pagesof the Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the most horrible and dreaded events in history. Millions of Jews were killed, leaving many families devastated and hopeless. With the goal of racial purity, Adolf Hitler- along with many other Germans believed the Jews caused the defeat of their country, and led the Nazis to the elimination of Jews. For this reason, â€Å"Even in the early 21st century, the legacy of the Holocaust endures†¦as many as 12,000 Jews were killed every day† (The Holocaust). LaterRead MoreHolocaust Final Draft : Holocaust1495 Words   |  6 PagesAnthony Harmon Holocaust Final draft World History The holocaust started when Adolf Hitler became Germany’s dictator, and they started the organization called the Nazis. They started by terrorizing the Jewish community in Germany, then eventually put them all into concentration camps. In one of the bigger camps, they experimented and took newborn babies away from the nursing mothers and they were seeing how long they would survive without feeding. Between 1945 and 1985, about 5,000 NaziRead MoreThe Holocaust1225 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Sabrina Liu Mrs. Osmonson English 2 8 May 2014 The Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the world’s darkest hours, a mass murder conducted in the shadows of the world’s most deadly war.  The Holocaust also known as Shoah, means a systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews during the WWII by German Nazi. Adolf Hitler the leader of Nazis, who afraid Jews would take power over Germans; also, many Germans felt they were mistreated by the lost so

Retail Outlet By the Consumers

Question: Describe about the conclusion that Sainsbury is one of the best retail outlet and is loved by the consumers. Answer: Introduction: Sainsbury was established in the year 1869 it is the leading organization and has 502 chains of supermarkets and around 290 convenient stores. It is a leading food chain in UK. The objective of the company is to serve the customers well along with serving their shareholders with maximum returns. The aim of the company is to ensure that the employees of the company develop their abilities and are rewarded from time to time hence contributing to the success of the business. There are approximately 148,000 employees employed in Sainsbury. There are about 18 million customers catered by the company. Many small scale suppliers work closely with the company. (J Sainsbury's plc corporate website (2009))The chain of the company was one of the best retailers in UK till 1995 when many companies like TESCO, Safeway plc joined the competition. The company has been successful despite of various economic issues like recession. The companys online and Sainsbury bank have the aim to exceed the expec tations of the customers for safe, fresh, healthy and tasty food.(website (2009)) PEST analysis is the tool which helps in analysing the external environment of the company. There are various competitors of the company like TESCO, and ASDA Plc. PEST analysis of Sainsbury: Political factors: The political factors have a huge influence on the performance of the company. The debts in United Kingdom are very high is it being consumer debts and government debts. Due to which the customer attitudes are affected and business often faces pressures. Government imposes various direct as well as indirect taxes on the company which reduces its profit margin. Another political factor is trade restrictions as the government imposes various entry barriers on the industries from time to time. For the success of an organisation it is important that the external as well as the internal environment of the organisation is carried out so that in case there is any kind of flaws that can be overcome on time. There can be a negative impact on Sainsbury of the ongoing price fixing among the various UK retailers. Economic Factors: The economic factors affect the demand and profitability of the industry. As the economy slows down it affects Sainsbury to a large extent because it leads to unemployment and inflation in the prices of the food products. Due to unemployment and increase in the price of products the products demand of the Sainsbury will decrease and hence the production of the products will decrease. There can be a negative impact of the credit crunch on Sainsbury as the company runs financial services with HBOS.(Kathy Sandler (2009)) Due to credit crunch the purchasing power of the consumers and due to which spending on the luxury items may decrease. The ability to provide credit may decrease. The company shall contemplate for expansion into new markets and due to which globalisation will help the company to manage risks.(Metzer (2014)) Social factors: Various demographic factors affect the behaviour and attitudes of the customer. These days people prefer to have everything under one roof. Sainsbury has been benefited a lot by introducing non-food products. Due to which the demand of certain products of the company has been increasing day by day. It has introduced a new marketing theme known as Cook and Save which promoted the products that are easy to Cook due to which customers can stretch their household budgets. The prices of the fuels are increasing day by day which might affect the company. As the level of obesity is increasing day by day in UK the government is taking measures to promote healthy eating due to which the customers have started shifting to healthier food.(Johnson Scholes (2009)) Technological Factors: Due to technological advancements the business are affected positively. The online or web based business has grown significantly. Sainsbury is expanding its online food delivery service. According to the reports there has been improvement in the online services provided by the company. There has been a great advantage to the company due to importation of new technologies. The company is constantly upgrading its technology so that it can serve its customers very well and the customers are satisfied by its services.(Schlosser (2012)) Key business operations of Sainsbury: Sainsbury basically deals with the retail business. The first store of the company was a dairy store. The company has a passion for order , high quality products and cleanliness. The company has various convenience stores, supermarkets and extensions. In addition to its retail stores the company has various corporate offices across UK. It provides high quality customer service and excellent shopping experience with various products at a reasonable price.(Pettinger (2012)) Sainsbury is always a very good performer as compared to its competitors. Customer Service: Sainsbury believes that understanding the demands and wants of the customer is their prior job because customers are the heart of their business. The company remains in regular contact with the customers and tries to figure out the current demands of the customers and tries to fulfil their demands by offering the products they desire. The company offers great products which help them to deliver what the customers want which gives them a competitive advantage. (Michie (2003))The company spends good amount of time in interacting with their customers so that customers can be given a smoothing shopping experience. In the current business operations customer services is considered vital for every organisation. The success and failure of every business is much dependent on how it manages its customers. These days organisations try to build healthy relations with their customers so that they can gain competitive advantage. The company has skilled and talented staff for han dling the grievances of the customers; it has proficient check out staff. Online availability of the products is considered easy for the customers today and hence it cannot be ignored by the companies. The Sainsbury has made good efforts to satisfy its customers by making its products easily available online so that the customers can easily purchase the products by sitting anywhere. Improving Availability: Timely availability of the products is considered very important for the success of the organisation. In order to improve the availability of its products the company launched a project named Mercury. Under this project the main aim of the company is to ensure that the products are available on shelf as soon as possible instead of stocking them in stores. The deliverables under this project will go direct to the shelf instead of being kept in the stores for a long time. (Brown (2014))Sainsbury has decided to improve its customer Experience by taking different measures. Among the measures the company in order to improve the in-store experience of the customers company has decided to invest in training its staff along with new automated tool so that the availability of the products can be tracked. Further it added that it will continue to investment in the projects in which the customer values can be enhanced. It has a further five year deal with (Perry (2009)). IBM under which IBM will be introducing new systems that will help the suppliers and the company to manage the supply chain and will support the continuous growth of the business. Further technologies will be improved so that the status of the orders of the products can be monitored and the products availability can be managed.(Britain (2008)) Impact of Globalisation on Business: Globalisation is one of the factor which has become very important in the business. Globalisation effects business life, Economy, environment and society in various different ways. It creates various opportunities like import and export for the business; it creates competition for the companies and also helps in the growth of the company. Globalisation has created a challenge as well as opportunity for Sainsbury. The challenge is that it has to compete with various unknown forces and to bring best quality products for its customers from all over the world. (Kappor (2012))The company can enter the emerging markets through partnerships and joint ventures. As the global food crises are increasing the prices of the food are increasing which results in purchase costs for Sainsbury. The various complex challenges are being transformed by the Human Resource Department. In the global environment the decision making has become intricate. The talent poll for marginal workers has been widened by the global world. The human resource can take advantage of data analytics and technology in order to build global human resource Information system. In the past only the cost centre and administrative overhead was the main function of the human resource they focussed on short term savings and gains but now the focus of the human resource is on long term objectives. Not only the internal human resource issues are being looked after but it now takes a broader and balanced approach. Mergers and Acquisitions of Sainsbury Mergers and Acquisitions results in transfer of business and can also be risky in order to achieve shareholders value. The results of mergers and Acquisitions will be big management challenges, Not seen cost, Finance will go in one or few countries. Sainsbury is a very big retail outlet in UK. The economy of UK is open as the involvement of the government is very less. The merger of Tesco and Sainsbury will have less government regulation and both can be benefited from the market made by each other. If there is merger of Sainsbury and Tesco they will have the most powerful position in the supermarket and could easily bargain with the suppliers and buyers of their products as the customers will have more choices among the products available at low costs. Many factors have contributed to the HR functions of Sainsbury. The various challenges faced by Sainsbury are Globalization, Change management, Leadership development, E-Commerce, Learning, health and safety. Information system has an important role to play in management and planning of the human resources in Sainsbury. One of the main challenges for Sainsbury is the changing technology. The methods and ways of doing work have changed lot overtime. Now the trading activities are done online through ecommerce. Information technology can play an important role for the HR department. Sainsbury Uses 2.0 web so that the employees of the company can be involved more. This helps Sainsbury to reduce costs and also attaining better quality information. It uses teleconferencing ways to stay connected to its customers. Sainsbury has also built Human Resources Information System so that Human Resource processes can be automated. Conclusion: By carrying out the various analyses it can be concluded that Sainsbury is one of the best retail outlet and is loved by the consumers. But the outside risks like rising material costs and recession does not affect the company as it can be highlighted by the PEST analysis. Various new expansion strategies have been adopted by the company to sustain its leading position. One of the very useful techniques is the PESTLE analysis these type of techniques help the organisation to develop more. Bibliography Britain, G (2008), Implementing the Race to the Top: Lord Sainsbury's Review. Brown, E (2014), Business Reporter, viewed 21 March (2016), https://business-reporter.co.uk/2014/11/12/sainsburys-to-improve-customer-experience-following-drop-in-sales/. J Sainsbury's plc corporate website (2009), viewed 22 March (2016), Sainsbury's About us, https://www.j-sainsbury.co.uk/index.asp?pageid=12. Johnson, G Scholes, R (2009), Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text Cases, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2009. Kappor, B (2012), , viewed 21 March (2016), https://www.jimsjournal.org/6%20Bhushan%20Kapoor.pdf. Kathy Sandler (2009), 'The wall street journal', Sainsbury's to push into non food products, no. https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704402404574528943322944258.html,. Metzer, K (2014), Business Analysis of UK Supermarket Industry, Routledge. Michie, J (2003), The Handbook of Globalisation - Page 424, Edward Elger. Perry, J (2009), Retail Week, viewed 21 March (2016), https://www.retail-week.com/sainsburys-to-improve-product-availability-with-new-supply-chain-systems/5001770.fullarticle. Pettinger, R (2012), Management: A Concise Introduction - Page 447, Palgrave Macmillian. 2012. Schlosser, E (2012), Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal, Houghton Migflin, New York. website, JSPC (2009), Sainsbury's market share , viewed 22 March (2016), https://www.j-sainsbury.co.uk/index.asp?pageid=451 .

Stereotypes of Islam and Muslims in the West

Definition Essay on #8220;My Best Friend#8221; Who Is That

Definition Essay on #8220;My Best Friend#8221; Who Is That Friends maintain immense abandon of sources to develop a good relationship between two people. As we general say friends’ interpretations must be honesty, straightforward to each other. They ought to agree each other’s opinions. They support self-awareness to each other. They don’t walk away when troubles come to them but to give them hands. Such civilization of friend identities put my self into a den deeper and deeper. The more I experience the more I recess friends are definitely brutal, deceived and distrustful. According to my empirical of self-esteem in friendship that I have realized friends who take an advantages form each other. They are relentlessly impact their sentiments. They approach you when they need you, but they never regard you when you need them. There are too many evidences that show how and why my friends betrayed me all the time. The next paragraphs will talk about one of my friends. Through out the incidence has occurred me that I am thoroughly assured friends are selfish, distrustful, foolish, and sorrowful. My past memory has frequency consecutively emerged in my brain that my best friend has betrayed me again and again. Since I was in high school that I have met several best friends, one of them are the special one. We went out together, drunk together. Even we shared the money we had. Such of happiness made us even closely like blood brother. We were all well known to each of our parents, because we were intimacy doing things together. Not only this but we also helped each other when there fights beside us. On the year of my age18, when was my last year to graduate from high school. At the same time there also was the high provoking promotion reflected every one to get an opposite partners which we call boyfriends or girlfriends. So I carried this thought to look for one who I got was I like the most, she has a lot of things some other girls don’t have. I had been together nearly a year. During that year my best friend was also well known about her who we went out together and played together. He regarded us all the time, what she was good at or the things we did together. One day I stumbled on they were together one night. We gradually broke up†¦. Furthermore, not only this but also he cheated on me when I immigrated to the Unite States. He cheated on me of he was going to buy a house for his mother who was old and sick. Such faith of parents influenced me to lend amount of money to him. However, later I found out he got the money to gamble and loosed it. From that time on he broke his promise to pay me money back and has not even give a call. Confronting frustrations that I recessed the reasons why my friends had chosen to cheat on me, because I was too dependable on my friends. I shared my secrets and feeling. I sacrificed most of things which have never thought to achieve them back. Being excessive in believe people who never shared their secrets or thoughts with me. Profoundly we concern if we really find ones who we can trust on. Then we should treasure them but not to destroy them. Friends are variety groups of people who help each other, comfort to each other, and encourage each other. However, they can destroy our feeling of human dignities. They can grab every thing you have and gone for permanently. Friends could bring happiness or could give hand to you to be succeeded. But at the same time it also can be revise of the opposite sides or make you lost even more than he or she helped you gain. There has such proverb saying â€Å"the more love you receive the more pain you pay† it is truer than ever since. Friends maintain immense abandon of sources to develop a good relationship between two people. As we general say friends’ interpretations must be honesty, straightforward to each other. They should agree each other’s opinions. They support self-awareness to each other. They don’t walk away when troubles come to them but to give them hands. Such civilization of friend identities put my self into a den deeper and deeper. The more I experience the more I recess friends are definitely brutal, deceived and distrustful. According to my empirical of self-esteem in friendship that I have realized friends who take an advantages form each other. They are relentlessly impact their sentiments. They approach you when they need you, but they never regard you when you need them. There are too many evidences that show how and why my friends betrayed me all the time. The next paragraphs will talk about one of my friends. Through out the incidence has occurred me that I am thoroughly assured friends are selfish, distrustful, foolish, and sorrowful. My past memory has frequency consecutively emerged in my brain that my best friend has betrayed me again and again. Since I was in high school that I have met several best friends, one of them are the special one. We went out together, drunk together. Even we shared the money we had. Such of happiness made us even closely like blood brother. We were all well known to each of our parents, because we were intimacy doing things together. Not only this but we also helped each other when there fights beside us. On the year of my age18, when was my last year to graduate from high school. At the same time there also was the high provoking promotion reflected every one to get an opposite partners which we call boyfriends or girlfriends. So I carried this thought to look for one who I got was I like the most, she has a lot of things some other girls don’t have. I had been together nearly a year. During that year my best friend was also well known about her who we went out together and played together. He regarded us all the time, what she was good at or the things we did together. One day I stumbled on they were together one night. We gradually broke up†¦. Furthermore, not only this but also he cheated on me when I immigrated to the Unite States. He cheated on me of he was going to buy a house for his mother who was old and sick. Such faith of parents influenced me to lend amount of money to him. However, later I found out he got the money to gamble and loosed it. From that time on he broke his promise to pay me money back and has not even give a call. Confronting frustrations that I recessed the reasons why my friends had chosen to cheat on me, because I was too dependable on my friends. I shared my secrets and feeling. I sacrificed most of things which have never thought to achieve them back. Being excessive in believe people who never shared their secrets or thoughts with me. Profoundly we concern if we really find ones who we can trust on. Then we should treasure them but not to destroy them. Friends are variety groups of people who help each other, comfort to each other, and encourage each other. However, they can destroy our feeling of human dignities. They can grab every thing you have and gone for permanently. Friends could bring happiness or could give hand to you to be succeeded. But at the same time it also can be revise of the opposite sides or make you lost even more than he or she helped you gain. There has such proverb saying â€Å"the more love you receive the more pain you pay† it is truer than ever since.

Including Children with Disabilities in Early Childhood Education Research Paper

Including Children with Disabilities in Early Childhood Education Programs - Research Paper Example Further, the differences between children with disabilities or developmental delays and other children are difficult for teachers to deal with (Openshaw 45). However, an inclusive early childhood classroom benefits both normal children and those with disabilities. The former learn acceptance, tolerance and helpfulness, while the latter benefit from the dynamic environment, particularly when they receive supplementary help to overcome any setback caused by their disability. Social workers, special education teachers, speech therapists, and others can provide immense support. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the inclusion of children with disabilities in early childhood education programs. Early Childhood Education Optimizing children’s potential through early education depends to a great extent on the environment in which they learn, whether at home, in day care, or in a nursery school classroom. In an inadequate environment, children’s poten tial will not get developed, resulting in quickly widening gaps in achievement which become increasingly difficult to overcome. Example of a model program in America for preschools targetted at low-income children is Head Start. It has offered a helping hand to the nation’s neediest families and children through provision of pre-academic skills, social skills, preventive medical and dental care; and teaching families about nutrition. Head Start also provides child care services otherwise unavailable to low-income parents, and gives nutritious meals and snacks to the preschoolers. It is one of the several early education schemes that ensure that children from lower economic groups get support and preparation for formal schooling (Kennedy 3). The aim is towards equity among all children for reaching their potential and fulfilling their dreams. Short-term beneficial outcomes of the Head Start program are that â€Å"children benefit from improved health and nutrition, and from b eing in a safe and nurturing environment† (Currie 233). Some medium-term benefits of the early education program include the prevention of children being placed in the special education track, and reduced incidence of grade repetition in early grades. Potential cost savings are extensive, because special education is significantly more expensive than regular schooling, and those children who enter special education are more likely to stay in that track. Monitoring of the children’s progress is necessary at every step. Inclusion in Early Childhood Education The concepts of inclusion and exclusion of children with disabilities in relation to the general early education classroom, renders disabled children as ‘different’ from their non-disabled counterparts. Inclusionary discourses are based on the ‘humanness’ of disabled children, where they are not perceived as ‘the other’ as compared to children in the general education classroom. The concept of humanity emphasizes disabled children being ‘like us’. On the other hand, exclusionary approaches to early education believe that regular teachers and early childhood centers are not responsible for the education and care of disabled children (Purdue, Ballard & MacArthur 47). Early childhood education that incorporates inclusion of disabled children, or excludes them is a concept that is a part of a wider social context where there may be

Managing Information 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing Information 1 - Essay Example Information system strategy incorporates the use of information technology and a range of software and hardware products that make the system efficient and fully functional (Carry 1988). According to Lucey (2005, p. 4) states, â€Å"the processing of data into information and communicating the resulting information to the user are the very essence of an MIS†. To align corporate strategy with information management mechanisms, companies need to integrate the use of management information systems in all departments. Management information system deals with the use of IT tools in speeding up business processes (Martin 2010). Some of the main fields for which integration of information systems can be useful include system analysis and design, artificial intelligence, health informatics, databases, software engineering, decision making, project management, and knowledge management. As Burke (n.d.) states, â€Å"MIS, or management information systems, are used to manage the data cr eated within the structure of a particular business†. ... related information, assists managers in developing corporate strategies based on information, helps in documentation of processed information, and assists managers in taking critical business decisions. The main purpose of using an information management system is to make effective use of latest IT tools and technologies that can support managers’ attempts to make efficient use of business information, as well as help them in carrying out different business related tasks and operations. Use of information systems has become almost essential in aligning business strategies with the corporate strategy because it establishes a useful link between technology and organizational departments along with providing assistance to the officials in carrying out business operations. In today’s world of competition, information systems are considered to be most significant essentials of success for any company or organization because it helps companies in taking right business decisi on in accordance with the corporate business strategy regarding any matter based on stored information. Information systems collect helps in collecting raw data, as well as in converting the data into useful information in such a way that it can be categorized and sent to concerned authorities (Earl 1988). We can take example of Carlson Investment Solutions Inc., which is a London based firm that deals with providing investment suggestions to clients based on information analysis (See appendix 1). The system works for the company in such a way that it stores all information and presents to the concerned departments is in the form of a well-documented report (Taken from Interview, case study). The system helps companies in setting and achieving long-term strategic goals and objectives (Earl 1996). The

Can False Memories be Implanted?

Can False Memories be Implanted? Ajantha Uvaraju Abstract This study is to find out that is it possible for memory to be implanted in students. It is hypothesized if the memory constructed for implanting is highly a plausible event then it is more likely for creation of false memory to occur. Thirty participants of first year Monash University students are recruited. Each of them is accompanied with a partner who is closely related to the subjects (ie: parent, sibling or close relative who knew the subject too well). The partners are asked to read descriptions of 2 events happened to subjects when they were 5 years old and a false event. The one plausible false event is describing of the subject being lost in a mall while shopping depicted from Loftus and Pickrell (1995). While the other is a less plausible memory is an overnight hospitalization for a high fever with possible ear infection made up by Hyman et al (1995). Subjects are split into half where one group receives the plausible event while other the less plausible. Subjects are ask ed to recall everything that they could remember about each event.After that, they are also asked to the rate the confidence from scale of 1 to 5 (1=not confident and 5= extremely confident that it has happened). Here participant would remember the more plausible false memory comparing with lesser one. As memory that is more plausible tend to have higher rating in confidence and in clarity. It is found that the more plausible the event is more likely to be planted in memory than the less plausible event. Introduction People equate of memory as to a recording device, ability to accurately documenting and storing everything that happens with perfect accuracy and clarity. In reality, memory is very prone to fallacy. This is due to existence of false memory. Bartholomew, (2001) describes false memory as a mental experience which mistakenly taken for a representation of an event from one’s personal past It consists of either remembering items or events that never happened, or remembering them differently from the way they actually occurred. Memory of false event has practice especially by psychologist. One of it is repressed memory recovered from a witness via hypnotism of an event that had happen 20 years ago is used to testify against a convict of murder. In spite of this without hypnosis, studies show that people’s memories are open to influence. For instance, Loftus and Pickerel (1995) who conducted research on adults regarding memories of their childhood event that happened and asked them to remember these events with a false memory added into as well. Experiments demonstrated that memories for entirely false events can be implanted. It has been argued that there are limits to the types of events or beliefs that can be suggestively implanted, and that only events that are plausible can be implanted in memory ( Hyman, Gilstrap, Decker, Wilkinson, 1998 ; Hyman Kleinknecht, 1999 ; Lindsay Read, 1994 ; Pezdek, Finger, Hodge, 1997 ). In support of this statement, a report by Pezdek at. al (1997) shows successfully implanting a memory of being lost in participants, but being unable to implant a memory for a less plausible event (receiving a rectal enema). Although, few past research like Loftus was indeed an illustration of planting false event in subjects. Nevertheless there are drawbacks. The memory used in implanting here is common thus suggestively implanting a memory like getting lost in the mall have high chance of succeeding. Therefore this study is to find the role of event plausibility in memory planting by comparing the type of false memory implanted like high plausible false event and implausible false event and its effects on confidence rating among university students. It is hypothesized if the memory constructed for implanting is highly a plausible event then it is more likely for creation of false memory to occur. Method As mentioned the participants of this study are students of first year from Monash University consisting of 15 females and 15 male students and age must be 18 years or older. Each subject is required to bring a partner who is: (1) no more than 2 year younger than subject, (2) was close relative or sibling of the subject and (3) have been in contact with subject at age 5 to 6. The sampling method used here is convenience sampling.The procedures will be approved by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee Design In this study the independent variable is type of false event which isplausible and least plausible event.Plausible event is subject being lost in shopping mall and the least possible event is overnight hospitalization due to fever with possible of ear infection. As for the dependent variable is confidence and clarity rating. This experiment is design in an experimental strategy and between-subjects experiment design. Materials The dependent variable is measured in terms of clarity and confidence where in clarity rating is a scale from 1 to 10, with 1 as unclear to 10 being very clear and also the rate of confidence from scale of 1 to 5 (1=not confident and 5= extremely confident that more could be remember. Procedure Study begins with the subjects’ partner in writing the participants’ childhood memories in a booklet, and from that list of the childhood memories two memories are chosen and together with the constructed one. Participants are randomly and evenly assigned into groups of two with each group has its distinct condition. In Group (1): Subjects are provided two memories of true event and one memory of false plausible event, group (2): two memories of true event and one memory less false plausible event. The partners are instructed to read a brief description of the chosen entree given to them to respective subject which include the name of event and age of subject when it happened. After reading the description participants will be asked to recall themselves of the event and to talk about what they can remember space is also provided in filling in their part of the memory. At the end of the session they are asked to think about the event discuss and were later call for anoth er session in a week time. After a week they were presented rate their memory in terms of confidence. They the rate the confidence from scale of 1 to 5 (1=not confident and 5= extremely confident that this event did happen in their childhood. Finally after complete rating they are to be inform on the research objective and also regarding that the certain memory suggested are fictitious. The participants do receives our apologies for our deception and are asked to guess which memory is true and which is false. Results In this study result involves in number of subjects who remembered the more plausible events versus less plausible events and confidence rating given its upmost importance. Data on subject remembering true event is overlooked. The data will be analyses as such: 1) counting number of subjects believe plausible events in each condition in group 1, group 2. Same goes for number of subjects who believed the less plausible event. 2) The amount are compared with each other. It is normally that number of subjects remembering the plausible events exceeds more than the less plausible events. Subjects rated their confidence rating on each event on the term that how positive they are of that the event happened. With a scale of 1 to 5 (1=not confident and 5= extremely confident that it has happened). It can be forecast that the mostly rating score for plausible event will be more than 1 compare to the relative less plausible event. Based from scores the mean for confidence rating will be calcula ted for both event. If the hypothesis is supported the mean confidence in plausible event will be high and less for less plausible event. As well as the median will show the similar pattern with a higher valu compare with the less plausible event. Discussion The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the memory constructed for implanting is highly a plausible event then it is more likely for creation of false memory to occur. It is expected of the finding that relatively plausible events are more likely to be recall than less plausible events. According to Pezdek, Blandon-Gitlin and et. al (2006) the reason behind this is because of the significant interaction of plausibility and imagination is that if people find that event to be plausible, they tend to search more of their autobiographical memory for relevant details of the event. Study provided by Pezdek, Finger and et. al (1997) shows the finding that relatively plausible events are more likely to be planted in memory than relatively implausible events has implications for the cognitive processes underlying suggestibility. In their study three events were falsely recalled and that all three were relatively plausible event. This can be explained via literature of script processing on understanding cognitive process. Based on Grasser, 1981: Grasser and Nakamura, 1982), a specific memory trace is formed by the comprehender when a scripted activity is experienced. This is because memory trace consists of pointers to an epitome script that has been copied from a permanent generic script. As a result the epitome script for the specific event includes all the script-relevant action triggered by the experienced event as well as script-relevant actions that were triggered by default due to script-based inferences that occurred during comprehension. This means when a description of a specific occurrence of an activity suggested to a person and asked if it has happened to the individual, instantly the person will cross check the memory suggested with his or her’s own memory for related occurrence of that activity to verify if a match is found. If described memory and memory of individual overlaps there is more likely a match and the described event is evaluated to be true. However there are cases that when it comes to planting memory implausible memory can be planted. Mazzoni et.al (2001) in the effects of suggestion new information could make events seem less implausible. Mazzoni (1991) exposing people to new information designed to enhance plausibility removes two of the three major ways in which they know that an event did not happen to them. When a person initially thinks an event did not happen, they may base this on three sources of information. First, is not having memory of the event. Second, knowledge about the event is insufficient to realize that they may have experienced it. Third, is having the knowledge about it then allows them to reject it as part of their own autobiography. Limitation of this study can be mentioned such as this study is restricted to university student only as it does not represent the whole population. In future research manipulation of event plausibility should be done on different degree of plausible event and different suggestive technique. In addition, instead of convenience sampling a better alternative sampling method need to apply. References Hyman, E I; Husband, T H; Billings, J F;. (1995). False memories of childhood experiences. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 181-195. J, B. D. (1984). False Memories, Psychology of. International Encyclopedia of the Social Behavioral Sciences, 5254-5259. Loftus, E.F, Pickerell, J.E. (1995). The Formation of False Memory. Psychiatrics Annals, 25(12), 720-725. Hyman, I. E. Kleinknecht, E. E. (1999). False childhood memories: Research, theory, and applications.(In L. M. Williams V. L.Banyard (Eds.),Trauma and memory(175—188). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.) Hyman, I. E., Gilstrap, L. L., Decker, K. Wilkinson, C. (1998). Manipulating remember and know judgements of autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12, 371-386 Pezdek, K., Finger, K. Hodge, D. (1997). Planting false childhood memories: The role of event plausibility. Psychological Science, 8, 437-441 Lindsay, D. S. Read, J. D. (1994). Psychotherapy and memories of childhood sexual abuse: A cognitive perspective. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8, 281-338 Hyman, I. E., Gilstrap, L. L., Decker, K. Wilkinson, C. (1998). Manipulating remember and know judgements of autobiographical memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 12, 371-386 Lindsay, D. S. Read, J. D. (1994). Psychotherapy and memories of childhood sexual abuse: A cognitive perspective. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8, 281-338 ( KATHY PEZDEK; BLANDON-GITLIN, Iris;, 2008) PEZDEK K., BLANDON-GITLIN, i;. (2008). Planting False Memories for Childhood Sexual Abuse Only Happens to Emotionally Disturbed PeopleNot Me. Applied cognitive psychology, 1466. Graesser, A.C., Nakamura, G.V (1982). The Impact of a schema on comprehension and memory.The psychology of learning and motivation:Advances in research and theory.,(16).New York Academic Press.

Getting Enough Sleep Essay -- Research Sleeping Health Essays

Getting Enough Sleep Did you know that sleep is one of the most vital necessities of life? Laboratory animals die when they are deprived of sleep, and likewise, humans would too (Johnson 5). Many people don’t realize how important sleep is. The man who attempts to do 15 hours of work, in only 7 hours is only hurting himself. This man who stays up late trying to finish his work, believes that he is working hard, and therefore will be able to sleep hard for a little while. This is definitely not the case as he will feel less and less refreshed each morning and will feel more and more tired each day. What the public needs, is to be informed about good sleeping habits and sleeping disorders that go unnoticed. We should wake up to the importance of sleep and how the amount sleep not only affects themselves, but also society. In 1959, The American Cancer society surveyed more than 1 million Americans about their sleeping habits. Conclusions drawn from the study showed that people who got less than 7-8 hours of sleep on average per night, had a higher mortality rate. A six year follow-up was done to the people surveyed. The results showed that men 30 years old or older that got 4 hours of sleep a night had more than double the risk of dying than men who averaged 7-8 hours. The risk was only about 1.5 times higher for women. Similar results were found in a different study of 4,713 people. Those getting 6 hours of sleep or less had a 30% higher death rate (Pressman 29). Although we can see what happens when people don’t get enough sleep, scientists are still unable to explain the function of sleep. The amount of sleep not only affects your mortality but also your personality. Some people are by nature long sleepers, and some a... ...nts with insomnia can benefit from restructuring their bedtime habits and sleep-wake cycles. With 7-8 hours of sleep per night, there will be many less problems with sleep disorders, accidents in cars and planes, and other health concerns. Shakespeare once commented on sleep as, "the great restorer." We need to understand the function and importance of sleep and relate this to improving our health and our bodies. In order for our country to continue to be a world leader, the people of the United States should not have to deal with fatigue and should have an optimal level of alertness and performance. Works Cited Johnson, Laverne, and Paul Naitoh. The Operational Consequences of Sleep Deprivation and Sleep Deficit. San Diego: AGARD, 1974. Pressman, Mark R., and William C. Orr. Understanding Sleep. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1997.

Consumption of Luxury Food: Essay

1. Introduction This chapter will serve as an introduction to the concept of Luxury food consumerism in Harrods Patisserie and Bakery Food Hall. It will evaluate customer loyalty incentives, pricing and hype around its luxury food. 1. 1 Overview of Harrods and Luxury food consumerism Harrods covers 1. 2 million square feet of terrain, in the very heart of one of London, England’s most prestigious areas, Knightsbridge. The historical architectural landmark, along with the Egyptian Escalator, which was envisioned by Mr. Al-Fayed himself, is listed by English Heritage. With no less than seven floors devoted to the finest-quality international brands, as well as a sumptuous Food Hall that is like no other. It is no wonder that Harrods attracts almost 15 million people through its doors every year. (http://factoidz. com/harrods-the-famous-british-landmark-department-store-changes-ownership-in-2010-and-remains-out-of-british-hands/) The United Kingdom and many parts of the E. U have been experiencing slow growth and development. However, according to information from this website which states†¦Harrods says its Knightsbridge site is Britain’s largest shop, selling an array of fashion, food and luxury goods†¦ Qatar Holdings bought Harrods from Mohamed Al-Fayed for a reported ? 1. 5 billion last May. (www. fasttrack. co. uk) This could only have been possible if profits had a successful recorded track rate. In 2010, sales in Harrods received ? 519. 8million, leaving Harrods with a profit of ? 86. 5million (www. fasttrack. co. uk) As consumer wealth increases, so does the demand for more premium, value added products as opposed to cost-reduced commodity products. The situation is partly created by an increasingly affluent society and a widening gap with the divide of rich and middle class in the current recession. There are various factors influencing change. In the UK 10% of the population is currently defined as affluent – this figure is expected to rise to 30%. www. foodbytesni. com/text. doc The EU speciality food market (as opposed to the premium food market) is worth â‚ ¬33. 5 billion – (4. 6% of total EU food & drink spend). In Britain and Ireland it is valued at â‚ ¬6. 1 billion (4. 5% of total food & drink spend). It is forecasted to grow to â‚ ¬7. 5 billion in 3 years. It is commonly known that yesterday’s luxury becomes today’s necessity. Luxury tends to be rare and expensive. With the above profit figures, the researcher can only assume that Harrods appears to be the winner in the Patisserie and Bakery Market. With the definition of poverty completely different in the western world to the ratio of poverty in developing countries, luxury consumption of Patisserie and bakery is considered trendy and it’s demand in Harrods is ever growing. Although we may assume that luxury foods are related to income, during this current recession in the UK with dwindling income, the demand for Harrods Luxury Patisserie and Bakery foods has increased over this period of time. I have noticed this as the researcher is employed in Harrods food production unit. Although, the usual scenario for other departmental stores may be to reduce prices during recession, Harrods luxury Patisserie and Bakery foods have retained its prices and popularity. In fact with the VAT increase from 17. 5% to 20% the sales in this section of the food halls has shown no major downturn. Hence, it is my opinion that demand is so great for Harrods Luxury Patisserie and Bakery that consumers of any income group visit Harrods to buy even the lowest cost luxury Patisserie and Bakery foods which has been a contributing factor. Harrods is globally known as unique, as it has an association with class, quality and distinguishes itself from the rest of it’s competitors. This study is limited to only respondents above the age of 18 years and will only be carried out on 30-50 respondents. The study is narrowed to consumers of Harrods Patisserie and Bakery products and not consumers of the rest of the food halls. The study will not cover the life style and overall economic standard of the respondents. This has been consciously left out to avoid lengthening of the study. Hence, the study will be unable to analyse the financial background of the respondents in depth. Lastly, although luxury food consumption is a macroeconomic function, this study will only focus on a singular market. 1. 2 Research Questions 1. Is the recession affecting Consumption of Luxury Food in Harrods Food’s Patisserie and Bakery Food Hall? 2. What are the key aspects or areas of consumer spending behaviour patterns in Patisserie and Bakery Food Halls, Harrods? 1. 3 Objectives of the Research The objectives of the study are as follows: A) To investigate customer consumption and spending behaviour with luxury Patisserie and Bakery foods in Harrods. B) To make recommendations to Harrods on how to enhance their sales and maintain their market share in luxury Patisserie and Bakery foods. 1. 4 How will the objectives be achieved? Objective (A) will be achieved through examination of secondary data. Objective (B) will be achieved through findings of primary data through the use of questionnaire survey and secondary data through Harrods food industry annual reports. CHAPTER TWO Literature Review 2. Introduction. This chapter will show the existing literature in the field of Consumer Behaviour from a global perspective and narrow it down to consumer behaviour in Harrods, UK. It will include marketing concepts, psychological concepts and factual statistics. The luxury market is vastly increasing, and there have been significant changes towards consumer behaviour (Strauss & Howe, 1999). Foods that are expensive have a certain appeal and are regarded as luxuries for special occasions rather than daily meals. Conversely, foods that are widespread and cheap have less appeal. Europe is considered to be the cultural center of fashion, interior design, and cuisine. Gourmet cooking has become a fine art, and visitors to the area can find almost any type of food, and the trend more recently has become luxury foods, luxury desserts etc. http://www. foodtourism. com/ From the literature I have read it can be summarized that the current generation enjoys spending money on luxury brands due to disposable income and lifestyle that this generation avails of due to their income or that of their parent’s earning. 2. 1 A theory of luxury. When Marie Antoinette supposedly said ‘let them eat cake’, she was seen as a luxury junkie whose out-of-control spending grated on the poor and unfortunate French people. But today, cake has become one of the favourite luxury foods. A revolution has taken place where individuals in the world have got richer. Luxury is no longer the embrace of the kings and queens of France but the mass marketing phenomenon of everyday life. Simply put, luxury has become luxuri? cation of the common place (Twitchell, 2001; Berry, 1994). 2. 2 Definitions of luxury products, speciality and premium foods. In order to understand a luxury product, it is essential to differentiate it from ordinary products on the basis of its essential characteristics. Luxury products, speciality and premium foods are defined by their price, quality, aesthetics, exclusiveness, and symbolic significance. To define them, their definitions are summarised below. 2. 2. 1 Luxury products Luxury is defined as quality possessed by something that is excessively expensive http://ardictionary. com/Luxury/5550 As they are highly associated with their core products, common definitions of luxury brands refer to specific associations with their products. The essential characteristics of luxury brands therefore correspond largely with those of luxury products. Consequently, their definition can be derived from that of luxury products as follows: Luxury brands are regarded as images in the minds of consumers that comprise associations about a high level of price, quality, aesthetics, rarity, extraordinarily and a high degree of further non-functional associations (c. f. Heine 2010). As luxury products and brands include a high rating for their characteristics; this marks a differentiation for luxury manufacturers. Even amongst luxury products there are differences such as accessible luxury products, which are affordable for most consumers from time-to-time and some are exclusive luxury products, which are affordable only for the wealthy. 2. 2. 2 Specialty or gourmet foods. Specialty or gourmet foods are unique foods/delicacies, which sometimes exploit regional identity. They are less authentic than artisan products. (Workman C, 2005) 2. 2. 3 Premium foods. Premium products use quality ingredients and careful methods but can be made on an industrial scale. (Workman C, 2005) 2. 2. 4 End Product. Products made by artisan have optimum taste, texture, and flavours or aromas, (and nutrition/health benefits). They resonate with place, tradition and culture (authenticity), and reflect the producer, his/her skill, personality and ethos, and the method of production. They often have an established and stable reputation. Often they are made for fresh consumption locally, or are available in limited quantities, providing a unique, exclusive experience (often including the purchase e. g. at a market/direct with the producer). They therefore also have a high prestige factor and high profile with respect to the quantity produced and distributed. Producers of artisan products are usually hands-on from production through to sales. They are very experienced, skilled and show an uncompromised commitment to their craft, trade and to the superior taste of their products. Often there are small numbers of people making any one kind of artisan product. (Workman C, 2005) 2. 3 Food Tourism During the 20th Century, industrialisation began to threaten artisan producers and many abandoned their traditional techniques. But in the past two decades, there’s been a resurgence in demand for quality products made by time-honoured methods†¦Food tourism has become big business, worth nearly ? 4bn a year. (Lane M,2005) Food has many roles to play for consumers: it is functional (sustaining life); it plays a key role in our celebrations; it is a conduit for socializing; it is entertaining; it is sensuous and sensual; and it is a way of experiencing new cultures and countries. For many, food becomes highly experiential (i. e. much more than functional) when it is part of a travel experience, it can become sensuous and sensual, symbolic and ritualistic, and can take on new significance and meaning. Even the most basic meal can be etched in memory forever when it is eaten when surrounded by awe-inspiring scenery or at the end of a special day exploring a new city. (Hall M and McIntosh 2000) Swarbrooke and Horner have stated that food tourism stakeholders such as restaurant and cafe owners, cookery school providers, festival organizers, hotel and resort managers, bed and breakfast operators, and food producers. By understanding how tourists make their decisions to purchase and/or consume food products we will be able to gain a better understanding of when we need to intervene in their decision-making process. Appropriate intervention can, in turn, be used to persuade them to purchase ‘our’ food products and services. Consumer behaviour research is the study of why people, either individually or in groups, buy the product they do and how they make their decision (Swarbrooke and Horner, 1999). Food tourism is something that is becoming more commonly understood. But how would someone decide where to go, and what to see? http://www. foodtourism. com/ Tourists who enjoy luxury food and patisserie generally make every attempt to at least visit Harrods while in the UK. Often, like the researcher at the visit first to Harrods tourists only visit and see, but, at their second visit at least a small amount of luxury food or patisserie is purchased. Although, consumer spending has slowed down in the UK, Harrods has shown an increase in profits in their Patisserie and Bakery section with its luxury food items. 2. 4 Consumer buying behaviour Kolb M. (2006) associates Maslow’s theory and consumer purchasing as she states Maslow’s theory has a direct application for marketing because many of these needs are met through the purchase of products. Infact, once a consumer has all the food, clothing and shelter they need, all other purchases are made to meet higher needs. Thus, the researcher can state that in order to meet some part of one’s self esteem needs, UK and international consumers may be relating to Harrods luxury Patisserie and Bakery food to experience self actualization and thus for Harrods this has created a niche. The interest in premium, specialty and artisan products is also influenced by the static growth in population, which has lead to a static growth in overall grocery sales. In this situation, foods that command a premium price and higher margins become the only growth sector, and therefore become the target of multiples. Artisan, specialty and premium foods are therefore gaining broader distribution in the multiple retail sector. Workman C (2005) 2. 5 Consumer buying Trends The growth of specialty fine food is attributable to Increasing consumer affluence as consumer wealth increase, so does the demand for more premium, value added products as opposed to cost-reduced commodity products†¦10% of population in UK is defined as affluent – this figure is expected to rise to 30%. When it does premium food, including specialty food is expected to account for 45% of total food sales in UK. The specialty market is worth ? 4. 2 b in UK and has grown from 20% from 3. 5 bn in 2003. British fine food consumers spend ? 900 per year on fine food. Workman C ( 2005) CHAPTER THREE Research Methodology 3. 1 Introduction This chapter discusses the different aspects involved in the methodology used to conduct the present study of Consumption of Luxury Food in Harrods Food’s Patisserie and Bakery Food Hall. It highlights methodological approaches which will allow scope of the Research study in a sustained process of planning and design. The consideration of the process will influence the choice of methods and approaches that will be presented. This chapter, for that reason contains a discussion of the research purpose, research approach, research strategy, data collection methods, data analysis and quality standards. 3. 2 Research Purpose Yin (1994) states that research purpose can be grouped and classified as exploratory, descriptive or explanatory. Exploratory research is conducted to clarify the nature of a problem, where the purpose is to provide insights and understanding, not to provide conclusive evidence. Exploratory research is conducted with the expectation that subsequent research will proceed (Zikmund, 2000:Bryman,1989). An exploratory study method is used when the aim is to develop proposition of future research (Yin,1994). A descriptive research is used when the major objective is to describe something, such as population or a phenomenon. It seeks to answer who, what, where and how questions. In a nutshell, it does not give the explanation of the cause of the findings. However, when solving a business problem, it is often enough with the information obtained from describing a situation and it is not required to know why things are the way they are (Zikmund,2000). In order to perform a descriptive research, the researcher must have prior knowledge of the problem situation and the information needed is clearly defined. In fact, this is the major difference between exploratory and descriptive research, as well as that the descriptive research must be structured and the methods for the selecting sources of the information and collecting data are pre-planned and formal (Malhotra,1996). In explanatory research, the emphasis is on studying a situation or a problem in order to explain the relationship between variables (Saunders et al. ,2000). According to McNabb (2008) typical objectives for explanatory research include explaining why some phenomenon occurred, interpreting a cause-and-effect relationship between two or more variables, and explaining differences in two or more groups’ responses. The purpose of this Research Study is to gain an understanding of Harrods success within it’s luxury food service specifically their Patisserie and Bakery department Food Hall, Knightsbridge, London, UK. In order to achieve this objective, the Research Study will need to consider three core elements which will be how Harrods’ conducts their design, implementation and evaluation strategy of the customer. Since the aim of the research is to describe how Harrods operates within the Luxury food service industry, the study is descriptive in nature. 3. 3 Research Approach According to Zikmund (2000) research can be conducted in different ways and includes both a theoretical and a methodological approach. The theoretical approach can either be deductive or inductive, and the methodological approach is qualitative or quantitative (Zikmund 2000) 3. 3. 1 Qualitative versus Quantitative Research Zikmund (2000) further states that when collecting information, either qualitative or quantitative data can be collected. Qualitative approach may consider the following methods for gathering information like: Participant Observation, Non-participant Observation, Field Notes, Reflective Journals, Structured Interview, Semi-structured Interview, Unstructured Interview, and Analysis of documents and materials. In contrast, quantitative methods for research techniques include gathering of quantitative data, like information dealing with numbers which is measurable. Statistics, tables and graphs, are generally used to present the results of these methods. They are distinguished from qualitative methods. The study, under focus is quantitative using an exploratory design. This kind of method is widely used to gain familiarity with a phenomenon that is not adequately explored. The researcher feels the need to explore this issue since there is not much data relating to Consumption of Luxury Food in Harrods Food’s Patisserie and Bakery Food Hall. 3. 4 Sampling Techniques The universe will comprise of ‘simple random sampling’ method to select samples. This will enable the researcher achieve the desired information. According to Kumar (2008), this type of sampling is also as chance sampling or probability sampling where each and every item in the population has an equal change of inclusion in the sample and each one of the possible samples, in case of finite universe, has the same probability of being selected. To select the sample, ‘each item’ in this research study will be assigned a number from 1 to 100. The sample survey will cover respondents in the age group of 18 years and above only. This will ensure that the respondents are old enough to understand and answer questions in the interview schedule. 3. 5 Population The sample size of this study is intended to be 30-50 respondents, in the age group of 18 years and above. The study will have to be completed in Harrods Patisserie and Bakery Food Hall, Knightsbridge, London. The population will only include consumers and purchasers from the above food hall. 3. 6 Research Instruments For the purpose of this research study both primary and secondary data relevant to this topic will be used. Without the use of both instruments the research study will not verify facts and the scope of analysis if not used together will not make the research interesting. 3. 6. 1 Primary Data Primary data for this research study will result from firsthand experience with the use of questionnaires for preliminary gathering of data. Questionnaires will be prepared prior to in-depth interviews with respondents at Harrods. 3. 6. 2 Secondary Data Sources. For the scope of this research study Secondary Data Sources will include literature review with sources from the library, web, and surveys. Other secondary sources of data will be sourced and will include thesis, newspapers and internal company reports. 3. 6. 3 Data Collection Instruments This section will include the 30-50 respondents completing a questionnaire. The interview schedule will be prepared on the basis of study objectives and aims with structured open ended and close ended questions. Section A may cover income, Section B may cover types of Luxury food and section C on consumption of luxury food. 3. 6. 4 Interviews At the time of the respondents’ completing the questionnaire the researcher will interview the respondents. This approach will enable the researcher gain a better comprehension of consumer spending on Luxury Food items in Harrods. CHAPTER FOUR 4. 0 PROPOSED ANALYSIS This chapter will highlight the Research plan as it will outline the steps for conducting the research in terms of description, timing and presentation. It will be used as a guide to execute and monitor the project which will enable the researcher to achieve the purposes of the research. The data collected will be analysed and presented diagrammatically in tables and charts. This will then enable empirical findings to be compared. In order to carry out statistical analysis of the quantitative data obtained, the Statistical Package for Social Studies (SPSS) and Microsoft Word software will be used to develop a comprehensive and flexible statistical analysis and data management for the research. This will enable a range of tabulated reports, graphs, pie charts, and analysis. 4. 1 Schedule. |Planned activities | | | |March |April |May |June |July | |Topic Selection |X |X | | | | |Literature Review | |X |X | | | |Meeting with Group | |X | | | | |Meeting with Supervisor | |X |X |X |X | |Seek Permission from Harrods | | |X | | | |Write up Questionnaire for data collection | | |X | | | |Data Collection at Harrods | | |X | | | |Analysis of data & Findings | | |X |X |X | |Write up of Dissertation Introduction | | | |X | | |Write up of Dissertation Overview | | | |X | | |Drawing up summary and conclusion | | | | |X | |Proof Reading | | | | |X | |Presentation of Research | | | | |X | |Final Submission | | | | |X |. CHAPTER FIVE ANTICIPATED OUTCOMES The results of this research will provide a specific insight for Harrods Patisserie and Bakery Food Hall into consumer behaviour, trends and patterns. 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