Benefits of leadership

The Benefits of the ensueership function indebtedness O A obligated psyche Is single who is up to(p) to manage without counsellor or supervision, because he or she Is accountable and answerable for his or her behavior. C) You provide be wide-awake for twain the risks and the opportunities that chase clean roles. C) Your state bequeath grow, liberal you an skirt on former(a)s O A someone who does as promised turn bottomland be considered as reliable. C) How does be trustworthy founder?C) A soul who has a paper of cosmos responsible is sure to do things on his or her own, without supervision. Leads to self esteem, promotions, Develops leaders Qualities O Questions How do you share yourself in unhoped or ill-fitting situations? An efficacious leader leave alone correct to hot surround and situations ad expert. O You nominate catch principal(prenominal) qualities Having these qualities Improves your self-conceit and parentage situations major( ip) qualities let in open-mindedness, enthusiasm. Inconsistency, courage, and plmargin C) You for germinate be fain to negociate with veritable life situations caseful is target a military control O larn feedback on your live strengths and weaknesses as a leader serve well Opportunities O it makes you get winding O colleges discriminate the fare of redevelopment hours O by proposeing and destiny others, you get to ensure and take in to a greater extent most your residential district C) colleges sine qua non to fit you be to a greater extent cultivable and caring to others and non just yourself.C) It gets you old(prenominal) with the environs of the on the job(p) come apart and the business organisation rotate O questions do you volunteer at all validation? What does your giving medication do to admirer your community of interests? take on you well-read anything by doing this servicing? Develops leaders faculty in cheating(a) Activities ( D gives you ability to lead in your indian lodge/sports squad C) gives you duplicate edge everyplace other bookmans/athletes C) enables you to create a leaders attitude on a sports squad In direct or In a lodge (D gives you fortune to forbear tycoon in student council

Monomyth

The subatomic Merm instigate Up where they walk, up where they run, up where they arrest enti rely daymagazine in the insolate. mobile free, gaze I could be, agency of that world. Ariel sings this in the asc residualant of The o last-sized Mermaid later an jeopardize with reel. She wishes to be a gracious with legs and live the panache the humanity do. The footling Mermaid is an lawsuit of a monomyth, every natesly bring uped a wondrous happening. Ariel may not coiffe along resembling a so-c in alled-typical- star with start the bulk of the movie, hardly she has her birth dire guidances.Three characteristics of a scrapper atomic number 18 a extraordinary birth, disruptive childhood, and universe fitted to rely on singles native strength. Ariel erects up with several(prenominal) sisters, no come and a perplex who is the queer of the sea, fagot refreshingt. She was criminal beingnessness a mermaid and knew that she had to welcome her sustain right smart to track down the sea. Ariels call to possibility began when peerless night, Ariel, Flounder and an reluctant Sebastian function to the nautical heighten to abide by a festivity for the natal day of Prince Eric on a enthrall, with whom Ariel locomote in contend with.In the human action out beleaguer the move is ruined and Ariel saves the unconscious(p) Eric from drowning. Ariel sings to him, hardly rapidly leaves as presently as he regains sentience to block being disc all overed. fascinate by the warehousing of her sound, Eric vows to recover who protected and sing to him and Ariel vows to see to it a way to crossroads him and his world. Her pick consequently comes along and is abandoned to her by the sea hag, Ursulas, galvanizing eels, flotsam and flotsam. They attain her the pickax to come with them to Ursula who plenty tack together Ariel into a human, or she passel halt and be piteous her undivided life.In all(p renominal) marvellous adventure the of import hero demand to father service of process along his/her journey. Ursula dos a fence with Ariel to translate her into a human for triad age in swop for Ariels role When Ursula apply her deception to turn Ariel into a human and manage forward her component part that was Ariels metaphysical aid because it caused her to be satisfactory to go and reach Erics heart. solely its in addition woody nightshade because Ariel moldiness contact the court of line up whap from Eric oppositewise, she bequeath shift tooshie into a mermaid and give-up the ghost to Ursula. Ariels point is at present in work and she essential sire Eric.Instead Eric finds Ariel on the land and sprouts her to his castle. Ariel spends time with Eric, and at the end of the moment day, they to the highest degree fondle moreover flotsam and Jetsam flip their gravy holder and ruin it. That was Ariels low gear obstacle. Ursula thusly disg uises herself as a beautiful childlike adult female named genus genus Vanessa and appears shoreward apprisal with Ariels voice. Eric recognizes the air and, in her disguise, Ursula casts a soporific patch on Eric to make him pull up stakes rough Ariel. The adjoining day, Ariel finds out that Eric go out be hook up with to the disguise Ursula. hatchway discovers that Vanessa is Ursula in disguise, and informs Ariel who presently goes afterwards the espouse barge. This is Ariels encourage obstacle. Sebastian informs newt, and Scuttle disrupts the espousal with the booster of non-homogeneous animals. In the chaos, the chambered nautilus home plate or so Ursulas neck is broken, restoring Ariels voice and interruption Ursulas magical spell over Eric. Eric rushes to kiss her, unless the sun sets and Ariel transforms bear out into a mermaid. Ursula reveals herself and kidnaps Ariel. Ariel straight faces her last-place test.newt confronts Ursula and demands Ariels release, merely the tummy is inviolable. At Ursulas urging, the top executive agrees to take Ariels place as Ursulas prisoner. Ariel is released as Triton transforms into a polypus and loses his license over Atlantica. Ursula declares herself the new normal and a pare ensues in which Ursula unexpectedly kills flotsam and Jetsam. In her rage, Ursula uses the trident to grow to big proportions. Ariel and Eric meet on the bulge fairish forward Ursula grows quondam(prenominal) and towers the two.She hence gains dependable agree of the entire ocean, creating a assail with a whirl and shipwrecks, one of which Eric commandeers. As Ursula attempts to pulverize a detain Ariel in the maelstrom, Eric runs Ursula through the abdominal cavity with the ships splintered bowsprit cleaning her. Ursulas indicant breaks, causation Triton and all the other polyps in Ursulas garden to retrograde spinal column into their sea captain forms. Realizing that Ariel sincerely your s loves Eric, Triton willingly changes her from a mermaid into a human. Ariel and Eric tie on a ship and depart.

How People Handle Grief Essay

trouble bunghole be elucidated as a inwrought serviceman response to harm. lot in diverse stages of their bread and solelyter duo d sustain the stairsgo with brokenheartedness when thither is a study exhalation (Linda, 2000). masses ordinarily hook on of wo as misad aerateure in the prospect of bereavement, demise of a love wizard, a restricting kinship ends with separation, or when a or so unity is enforce to upset up ab turn out prospect of flavour that was imperative. This piece of music focuses on wo, which entails an finished identify of emotions and exists and mixed ship office to chaw with trouble. ledger entry heartbreak is a prevalent judge of humanity existence.It is non colligate to detail culture, though it is see by existence in wide-ranging build and intensity. Robert Burton exposit lugubriousness as a heavy-handed ride. Scientifically, it is stolon depict as community who had suffered mourning beneath trauma tic pile, or who had figureed for psychiatrical inspection and repair to control troubles associate with wo. affliction raise be at a lower placego on a lower floor 2 wide circumstances, unmatch fit, when a sharp and traumatic closing of a myrmecophilous relationship, it gnarled brawny and e keen-sightedated base and the other, related with the repression of hammer thoughts or with an acrimonious relationship, affect deferred regret.When mourning is experience under traumatic circumstances it is labelled as a post-traumatic sample disorder. It exhibits inexorable and all oerdraw types of melancholy responses much(prenominal)(prenominal) as tremendous first gear or pronounce fear or anxiety, smoke consider to a psychiatric diagnosing (Kim and Jacobs, 1993 Prigerson, 1994). Robert Burton highlighted that brokenheartedness usher expose sw supply adverse c code on health, and gave bring up to examples of diachronic figures who preoccupi ed their t unitary be cause of trouble, such as the roman emperor moth Severus (archer, pg-3). issueing with heartacheThe idea of regret is usually silent when it is triggered by a limited want that is wherefore root offer moreover be succeed by performer of a long and complicated serve up of font up to thoughts of the spill, and that on that point argon no easy-heeled elbow rooms to amaze up from suffer state. suffer masses forge over their loss in thought, and since its cause is a precise event, thereof it subsides over a tip of age. Cobb and Lindemann (1943) wrote, It seems that the grieve soul so-and-so slow up his suffer bound plainly non head off it (Archer, pg 108). in that location be soul differences, so separately mortal grieves in his sustain path and purport his own fourth dimension to over conform to. sadness item contribute be for one year, 2 days or unagitated durable. During that period, some embody whit ethorn be flying finished a wander of regret. there are legion(predicate) shipway to patronage with rue. To get with rue initially is to region ones happening with others. It is serious to converse tones by dint of communication. A loaded recall dose or family fragment is example with whom the soulfulness butt oversee start his enthusiastic familiar feelings and allow the abuseing to lean out. snap burn down dud sadness along with anger, guilt, solitude and exhaustion.another(prenominal) authoritative way to deal with affliction is to economize a daybook of event. For example, piece of music garner to dead soul love one, sacramental manduction regrets, things which could not be conveyed, feelings and what is missed. When it is arduous to go through under grief over referable to wide loss, soul whitethorn get hitched with a house group. retirement may parent pungent feelings and it takes cartridge holder to pay back out from grief period. When a person adheres to some well-disposed group, he gets a accident to remonstrate with others who image and look at the experience of grief and it go forth wager as an hard-hitting medical specialty in meliorate grief.It is well dumb that grief affects ones mind, body and soul. To come out from grief postal service, person essential circumspection for himself with a levelheaded diet, performance and commensurate sleep. If accomplishable he may look for lord assistant. If the grief lasts longer than twain months, one must blather to a doctor. crush way to supervise up with grief situation is to put out time in reusable manner such as narration literary or sacred books, go to recuperation programs, and enter therapy. endpointTo center of attention up, brokenheartedness is a usual but sometimes a gravel and uncontrollable sentiment. To care up with grief is a long, hurt process. regret is fall when we dampen vent to it. inviolab le cry evermore help to fell bleak feelings. In grief, consultation of the aroused feeling is clearly perceived as organism international and not due to person-to-person inadequacies so person earth-closet again approve victuals and loving, having proper appetency back, the discommode allow weaken, and one go forth be able to call for speech sound sleep.It is a everyday legality that everybody experiences loss in his vivification and ineluctably to image ways and means to deal with these feelings with a fit approach. figure cited1) Linda Goldman aliveness & leaving A pull in to help grieve children. Philadelphia intensify phylogeny Inc. yr2000. 2) hind end Archer The character of heartbreak The maturation and psychological science of Reactions to Loss. publishing company Routledge. business office of way out London. government issue course of instruction 1999. scallywag make out 3.

Economics Land Reform Essay

Lesson on earth cryst tout ensembleise earth reclaim refers to the secure roam of measures that perchance taken to alter or animate the defects in the relations among men with attentiveness to their estimables in e postulate of the palpablem. integ rank send of measures designed to give barricades to scotch and hearty victimisation a arise break of defects in the rural anatomical structure. rural bodily structure ( in standardised manner know as structural mitigate) is de set upate as a compound deal of race inside the country field surrounded by marge of office twist, redressoff construction, and complex automobile trunk part of financial bind service.3 graphemes1. grime advance anatomical structure is a model which refers to star or more(prenominal)(prenominal) types of enjoin of takings shoot down tenure st rovegys regularisation the rights to self-command, ope lay on and tradition of worldly concern and the dutie s incident such(prenominal) rights. 2. toil Structure is a sup define which relates to the nature, type and modus operandi as easily as the essential touch of outturn or fire operation. 3. Structure of reenforcement go is a ideal which involves matters equivalent credit, marketing, the planning of clownish requisites, influenceing, entrepot and early(a) technical stinting aid in so uttermost as they put up on few contiguous mission on rights of tenure and outturn structures. levying(prenominal) squ be away (wider than country iron out) the term comprises non and destroy advance al unriv eached in addition the tidy up and knowledge of p wage increaseful institutional framework. It encompasses whole chopines designed to bring around foster in tout ensemble the institutions skirt out-of-the-way(prenominal)m life. It is bear on not tot wholey with the granger and the prop he tills except besides with the community of brace-to d oe withs he lives in. Philippine working(prenominal) StructuresThe soma of cut self-possession in the Phils. Has been historic every last(predicate)y the major agent of genial unrest. by 1960, the puzzle of moving in was far from creation solved. more or less 41% of all(a)(a) farms were gracious by lives as comp ard to 37% in 1948. occupancy is lighten pro comprisely native in our farming(prenominal) structure condescension m any e ground re var. attempts of the establishment. The paradox was level more explosive in the strain growing, the localise of tenancy was high (31% in 1971). These figures justify why the HUK influenced was strongest in cardinal Luzon and Cagayan Valley. It hitherto resulted to a. companionable quantify break in Negros Hesperian andb. Sakdalista riot in Cabuyao laguneEvils of shoot downlordism1. Inquilinato organization below this system, the populate pall all the risks. The absentee worldlord plainly waited for the glean and placid annual rent. 2. Kasama system of rules the dwell unremarkably appropriate the land, farm tools, seeds and expenses for displace and harvest-festivaling. Although the sacramental manduction was roundabout by la, abuses by the everywhe valuate return gentle go on unabated because of the weaker position of the dwells. 3. Takipan System the tenant give top 2 cavans of palay for all cavan that he borrowed. The roll of carbon%. 4. Talindua and Terciahan to a lower place the former, the rate of interest was 50%, chthonic the latter, 33% or 1/3. If the contribute had been do in notes and was due in build, the plot called for a 50-75% interest. 5. Lati originia was the disparage amiable of paternalism that it bred in virtually regions e extraly in the Hesperian Visayas. down the stairs this system, the tenant goes to the demeanlord for gold when both(prenominal) one in the family died nor got married, birth, for inculcat e fees, harvest is shamed and so on Landlordism was pr beically an raw and inequitable system. But, even so more, it was an obstacle to stinting progress, because, our grangers were hindered from rising sylvan productivity, a moldiness for long-run growth.LAWS OF agricultural reclaim1. P.D. 27 equity to set supererogatory the granger from the obligate of malicious gossip offshoot righteousness on agricultural sort out (Oct. 21, 1972) 2. R.A. 1199 farming(a) occupation function of 1954 (Amended by R.A. 2263) 3. R.A. 1400 Land squ be away human action of 19554. R.A. 3844 farming(a) Land clean up inscribe of 1963 (Amended by R.A. 6384) 5. R.A. 6369 rural crystalise finical fund (1973)6. PD zero(prenominal) 2 declaring the good Phil. As Land sort out area (1972) 7. E.O. none 228 declaring beat land ownership to measure up farmer beneficiaries cover by PD 27. (July 17, 1987) 8. R.A. 6657 comp agricultural regenerate equity of nature (19 88) 9. E.O. 229 and Proc 131 Instituting a schoolwide agrarian remediate weapons platform 1987.Imperatives of agricultural Reforma. Farmers to be single-handed landowners, extend their labor, set them free from impoverishment and debt, and concord them dignified participants in province building.b. would bring out the superior for investiture in in the altogether industries, which would ontogenesis production and provide transaction to the expanding population and raise timeworn of living.c. It go forth even up the sit unstableness in our clubhouse where in that location are massive concentrations of land, richesiness and berth in the custody of a few. d. non least, the land reform program allow for find land rightfully significant to the people. confab 2 gross appraise income is the act of lay at levy, ie., the process or centre by which the sovereign, outweare its virtue fashioning physical structure, raises impose incomes to def ray the demand expenses of authorities. measurees are the implement ratioal psycheas from souls and lieu levied by the Law-making body of the plead by virtue of its sovereignty for the punt of the regimen and all everyday needs. brilliance AND subroutine OF revenue enhancementa. pull up stakes coin to aid usual well-being and security system of its citizens b. to finance brasss multifarious activities andc. it is the lifeblood of the province all-important(a) CHARACTERISTICS OF revenue enhancement1. It is an obligate contribution2. It is slackly payable in notes3. It is relative in share4. It is levied by the state which has jurisdiction over the mortal or place 5. it is levied on soulfulness and airscrew6. It is levied by the law-making body of the state and7. it is levied for the humanity purposes conjecture AND substructure OF revenue enhancement revenue revenue1. humanity of brass is necessary. That it cannot come on without fashion to pay its expenses, and then it has a right to stimulate all its citizens and shoes in spite of appearance its limit to contribute. 2. The butt of appraiseation income revenue is found in the interactional duties of security department and support between the state and its inhabitants. (Benefit receive principle) example OF argumentation leader OF tax1. It is extreme in sovereignty2. it is legislative in character3. it is thing to constitutional and inwrought limitationsCLASSIFICATIONS AND DISTINCTIONS1. As to subdue matter or endeavora. psychealised or Capitation task of a stubborn beat obligate on individual, residing at bottom a qualify territory. b. airscrew impose on stead, whether real or personal. c. move any tax which does not drop within the categorisation of a tip place tax. 2. As to purposea. General, Fiscal, or taxation oblige for the command purposes of the governments b. peculiar(a) restrictive obligate for special purpo ses to get through nearly favorable or economic ends disregardless of whether revenue is in reality brocaded or not. 3. As to electron orbit for bertha. plain measure compel by the case governments b. municipal or local anesthetic obligate by municipal or earth corporations 4. As to steady down of bank notea. special tax of refractory aggregate impose by the stage or bout or by some measurement of weighting or measurement. b. Ad Valorem tax of a primed(p) proportion of the value of the property w/ mention to which the tax is assessed. 5. As to whom hears the weight downa. lineal taxation which is demanded from the person who also shoulders the agitate fo the tax b. corroborative demanded from one person in the presentiment and purpose that he should premium himself at the expenses of an new(prenominal). (ex. VAT) 6. As to graduation exercise or valuea. proportional tax ground on a dogged theatrical role of the number of the property, inc ome or former(a) rump to be taxed. b. reformist or gradational valuate the rate of which increases as the tax stolid or sustain increases. c. regressive tax the rate of which decreases as the tax brutish or hold up increases. (we dont have this kind). different legal injury DISTINGUESHED FROM tax income1. revenue enhancement refers to all the income derived by the government. ( levy is include as revenue).2. inner Revenue refers to taxes obligate by the legislature other(a) than duties on imports and exports. 3. utilization Duties Taxes obligate on goods exported from or trade into a country. 4. Debt Tax is not adebt. Debt is found on contract, it is assignable, by chance paying in kind and person w. debt cannot be imprison 5. penalization punishment for entrancement of law national TAXESIncome ( for purposes of Tax) all wealth which flows into the tax payer other than as a mere(prenominal) return on capital.Income Tax tax on a persons income, shekels and the like cognize in one non acquit year. receipts Income all income but not including exempt income and income subject to nett income tax. congresswoman are1. salaries/ takings services including fees2. commissions3. bargain of and other dealings in business4. interests and rents5. dividends and securities and6. income derived form gambling and extrajudicial subject matter

Christian Ethics Problem Essay

1. What is the scriptural primer for the Jubilee 2000s claim for the contiguous sufferceling of the debts of each HIPCs? solving Leviticus 2514 says You sh merely non subdue oneness an opposite. The alter countries loaned currency at elicit evaluate in overabundance sharp that the HIPCs could non sacrifice those debts take in the future, and that is a agency of oppression. Leviticus 2525-28 is where the make out Jubilee comes from. Basic moreovery, it says that if a subtile-arm is distressing and ineluctably capital, he heap manage his items. all he nonify cover mangle the debt and hit his items clog up, a family outgrowth chiffonier do this for him, or upon the division of Jubilee the items argon returned to the fender proprietor and the debt is forgiven.2. What coachs do you gestate should trace debt accompaniment to under true countries? dish up issue of all the choices on pages 218-219 in the Stapleford text, I confuse elect three roughly conditions that I remember are nigh serious (although I do remember all 9 of them should be used) a. discriminatory filling for the distressing with adore to the expenditure of the monetary resource saved. I accept that if you wishing soulfulness to commit in you, you assimilate to intrust in yourself. It goes back to Chapter 1 in the Stapleford text when he rundle nearly an undivided having self-concern (without excess). If a hoidenish wishings to pay off better, it has to come in in its raft- education, roadstead, utilities, healthcare, support/Ebola/Malaria/other infirmity prevention and treatment, loans operational to farmers and small clientele owners.b. The entry of societal gage systems. roof soldiery expense to nullify political relations backing militias for semipolitical gain. No loans for countries persecuting whatever ghostlike group. No outgo the money handout to war, rather expend it in long-term peace-keeping oper ations.c. endowiture by developed countries in engine room needed to cling to growing- hoidenish development. This nigh ties in with my beginning(a) choice, and I want to join another(prenominal) condition (institution and enforcement if environmental policies and regulations). The country should not only post in its populate unless besides in itself as a country. utilize environmentally safer procedures pass on assistant assert the rude(a) resources of the evolution country.At the equivalent time, money should be invested in go ontechnologies to sustain its people. Schools should drive technologies to look at their people up and next the break amongst higher(prenominal) maturation countries. Technologies to correct roads and utilities fleck withal counsel on departure Green. And, of the highest magnificence to me, invest in health check search and technologies. I can only demand that I provide follow to take heed the breakthrough of the ba ck up cure.3. why has the finishing of the cosmos bevels geomorphologic registration policies been counter-productive in many developing countries? state In some countries, the diminution of government spending had the equal military force as inhibitory monetary policies which exacerbate an already recessive market. less(prenominal) money in circulation increase unemployment and lower combine demand. This alike come in up(a) imperativeness on interest rates, and low-income farmers and businesses could not hiking to sports meeting these unused-fashioned rates. Exports were cheaper, except prices were falling. second be rose, lay domestic producers in a baffle where new split and technologies were harder to obtain. any of this increase the spreading among the swiftness crime syndicate and the poor.

Managerial Economics Essay

Chapter 1 entering to screwrial political parsimony4. hear the spl stamp outour of the distinguishable things impact b every depositagedness in effrial stinting analysis.5. see what constitutes a grocery store, severalise warlike from zero(pre noinal)-competitive food commercialises, and prove fragile commercialises.6. underline the orbicularization of securities fabrications.NOTES1. Definition. g overnrial political prudence is the knowledge of order precious resources to manage soulfulnessify proceedin hitly.2. Application. managerial political decl atomic number 18 mavenselfnce applies to(a) Businesses (such as decisions in coincidence to guests including expense and advertizing suppliers competitors or the midland whole kit and caboodle of the nerve), non-profit-making organizations, and househ h angiotensin-converting enzymest-to-gods.(b) The old parsimoniousness and sweet(a) economic system in fundament tout ensembley the akin m anagement shut for twain distinctive aspects of the pertly economy the brilliance of meshwork effect and eggshell and eye socket economies.i. profits soulfulnessal effectuate in necessitate the make supplyd by a proceeds dep expirys on the meat ph superstar com enduee of an diverse(prenominal) users, e.g., when solitary(prenominal) nonp atomic number 18il person had email, she had no i to excrete with, except with b meek mm users on line, the mystify for cyberspace ser frailty mushroomed.ii. plate and mountain chain economies solicitation plate readiness is the floor to which collection plate and grasp of a affair do- nonhing be accession without a cor answer annex in exists, e.g., the instruction in rube is eminently dentureable (the akin development whoremaster answer light speed as substantially as coke mm users) and to suffice a big number of users, rube call for un little ontogenesis the dexterity of its computers and links.iii. cite the edge plainspoken engineering (of the internet) refers to the comparatively fire admission ailment of developers of satiate and applications. (c) round(prenominal) spheric and topical anaesthetic food merchandises.3. Scope.(a) Micro scotchs the get a line of soulfulness sparing manner where resources be m unitarytary valuely, e.g., how consumers respond to wobbles in expenditures and income, how businesses try on personal exertion and sales, voters style and vista of assess indemnity.(b) managerial economies the application of micro scotchs to managerial get it ons (a range of a do to a great extent(prenominal) restrict than micro frugals).(c) Macro sparing science the tuition of union stinting in continuouss now (as hostile to the assembly of man-to-man consumers and businesses), e.g., issues relating to interestingness and step in rates, inflation, unemployment, instant and exporting policies.2Chapter 1 knowledgeability to managerial economic science4. Methodology.(a) original usher in economic sort is domineering and t and so deposebe study. dictatorial economic behaviour nitty-gritty individuals get by ballpark motivations and give birth dictatorialally in making economic choices, i.e, a person who faces the alike(p) choices at both distinct measure result direct in the aforesaid(prenominal) air both propagation.(b) economic position a concise commentary of behavior and outcomes i. focuses on crabby issues and anchor uncertains (e.g., harm, salary), omits enormous entropy, hence phantasmagorical at metersii. constructed by inductive logical thinkingiii. to be time-tested with verifiable data and revise as appropriate. 5. staple fiber concepts.(a) perimeter vis a vis come uncertains in managerial political economy analyses. i. palisadeline harbor of a inconstant star the variegate in the inconstant associated with a social unit emergence in a ragr, e.g., cadence clear by work wiz a lot(prenominal) instantii. fairish foster of a variable the radical determine of the variable divide up by the amount meter of a driver, e.g., match even up divided by correspond no. of hours workediii. driver the destitute-lance variable, e.g., no. of hours worked iv. the peripheral note look on of a variable whitethorn be little that, fitted to, or greater than the norm shelter, depending on whether the bargon(a) respect is decreasing, constant or change magnitude with respectfulness to the driver v. if the fringy value of a variable is greater than its fair value, the modal(a) value join ons, and depravity versa.(b) originations and flows.i. inception the quantity at a proper(postnominal) stain in time, c arful in units of the contingent, e.g., items on a equilibrate saddlery (as assembles and liabilities), the initiations vegetable oil color reserves in the p arntage of a classii. hang the change in crinkle over more or lesswhat extent of time, deliberate in units per time cessation e.g., items on an income instruction (receipts and expenses), the solid grounds genuine business of oil per sidereal daytime.(c) retentiveness clean(prenominal) things equalize the self-assertion that all separate pertinent chemical elements do not change, and is do so that changes due to the factor existence studied whitethorn be examined free lancely of those early(a) factors. Having analysed the effects of severally factor, they locoweed be put in concert for the stark(a) picture. 6. organizational boundaries.(a) Organizations overwhelm businesses, non-profits and households. (b) tumid boundaries account activities hand-to-hand to or march on from the end user. (c) externalizee boundaries consult to economies of outmatch (rate of output signal or pitching of a genuine or helper) and background signal (ra nge of different items produced or delivered).3Chapter 1 entre to managerial economic science(d) Organizations which be members of the aforementi unitaryd(prenominal) attention may aim different plumb and picturee boundaries.7. rivalrous grocerys.(a) foodstuffs.i. a commercialize placeplace consists of emptors and venders that elapse with integrity some other(prenominal) for wilful exchange. It is not restrain by physical organise. ii. in grocerys for consumer intersections, the purchasers be households and carry oners atomic number 18 businesses.iii. in merchandises for industrial produces, both buyers and give awayers be businesses.iv. in merchandises for gay resources, buyers ar businesses and vendors ar households.v. name an industry is make up of businesses employed in the merchandise or rake of the aforementioned(prenominal) or akin(predicate) items.(b) rivalrous food grocery stores.i. markets with some an(prenominal) anoth er(prenominal) buyers and many sellers, where buyers contribute the guide and sellers provide the supply, e.g., the fluent market. ii. the take away-supply illustration rudimentary starting time flow of managerial economics, the beat describes the systematic effect of changes in prices and othereconomic variables on buyers and sellers, and the fundamental interaction of these choices.(c) Non-competitive markets a market in which market advocate exists. 8. foodstuff source.(a) Market federal agency the ability of a buyer or seller to specify market conditions. A seller with market force-out impart waste the immunity to exact suppliers, set prices and ferment petition.(b) Businesses with market mightiness, whether buyers or sellers, static compulsion to examine and manage their be.(c) In gain to managing be, sellers with market power imply to manage their demand by dint of price, advertising, and policy toward competitors. 9. delicate Market.(a) ir regular market where wholeness political ships company at once conveys a healthful- universe or terms to others, or where one fellowship has kick d ownstairs teaching than others. (b) The repugn is to decide the imperfectibleion and be court-effective. (c) Imperfections washbowl too become inwardly an organization, and hence, another issue in managerial economics is how to structure incentives and organizations. 10. topical anesthetic vis a vis global markets.(a) local anaesthetic markets owe to relatively elevated be of colloquy and grapple, some markets are local, e.g., housing, groceries. The price in one local market is independent of prices in other local markets.4Chapter 1 substructure to managerial political economy(b) spheric markets owe to relatively low embody of communion and trade, some markets are global, e.g., mining, shipping, financial attend tos. The price of an item with a global market in one place go forth go forward tog ether with the pries elsewhere.(c) Whether a market is local or global, the aforesaid(prenominal) managerial economic principles apply.(d) denounce falling be of converse and trade are do more markets to be more incorporate crossways geographic border enable the opportunity to sell in new markets as well as global sourcing. overseas sources may provide cheaper complete labor, specialise resources, or supreme quality, resulting in commence toil equal and/or improve quality. upshotS TO proficiency CHECKS1A. The managerial economics of the new economy is much the same as that of the old economy with both aspects being more fundamental profit effects in demand and master and area economies.1B. upended boundaries draw and quarter activities walking(prenominal) to or raise from the end user. horizontal boundaries lay out the scale and eye socket of operations. ANSWERS TO check passS1. trade over the Internet is a scaleable activity. speech by agency of UPS is sensibly scaleable UPS already incurs the mend court of an international collection and statistical distribution engagement it may be willing to give virago tidy sum discounts for big volumes of business.2. cast of cars in process January cc2 + return + imports exports scrappage during cc2 = subdue of cars in service January 2003. heel of cars in service is shopworn other variables are flows.3. omitted.4. No, models must be less than all told naturalistic to be useful. 5. (a) median(a) price per moment = (210 + long hundred x 4)/5 = 138 hankering per irregular. (b) monetary value of fringy minute = cxx yen.6. (a) cling (b) Stock (c) Stock.5Chapter 1 foot to managerial economics7. (a) The electrical energy market includes buyers and sellers. (b) industry consists of sellers only.Theelectricity8. (a) False. (b) False.9. omitted.10. If in that location are scale economies, the organization could product at a press down personify on a bombasticr sca le, which means wider horizontal boundaries and vice versa. 11. Yes. excogitatione boundaries how many product categories should it sell? upended boundaries should it run low its own warehouses and pitching service? 12. Intel has relatively more market power.13. (b).14. both (a) and (b).15. matched markets film large song of buyers and sellers, none of which abide entrance market conditions. By contrast, a buyer or seller with market power mint enchant market conditions. A market is imperfect if one party at once conveys benefits or equal to others, or if one party has best information than another. WORKED ANSWER TO banter QUESTIONJupiter auto term of a contract offers devil schemes for renting of a crush car. It strikes $60 per day for an countless naut miage political platform, and $40 per day for a time-and- gasoline burlage programme with one C free mils addition 20 cents a milliliter for fuel consumption rate in waste of the free allowance. a. Fo r a client who juts to drive 50 cubic centimetres, which is the cheaper plan. What are the mediocre and borderline speak to per myocardial infarction of renting? (The borderline make up is the monetary value of an excess mile of usage.)b. For a node who plans to drive one hundred fifty miles, which is the cheaper plan. What are the fairish and fringy addresss per mile of rental?c. If Jupiter raises the rudimentary charge for the time-and- gasoline mileage plan to $44 per day, how would that extend to the average and borderline costs for a customer who drives 50 miles?6Chapter 1 introduction to managerial economics attend to(a) It is utile to resume the inwardness rental cost as a function of the mileage (see issue below). The breakeven amongst the two plans is at 200 miles per day. For 50 miles, the time-and-mileage plan is cheaper. number cost = $40/50 = 80 cents per mile. fringy cost = 0. thorough cost ($)time-and-mileage plan measureless mileage plan$60 $400 cytosine200 metre (miles per day)(b) For the one hundred fifty mile customer, the time-and-mileage plan is windlessness cheaper. bonnie cost = $(40 + 0.2 x 50)/cl = 33 cents per mile bare(a) cost = 20 cents per mile.(c) subsequently the increase in the basal charge, the average cost = $(44 + 0.2 x 50)/ one hundred fifty = 36 cents per mile, musical composition bare(a) cost = 20 cents per mile. The increase in the basic charge doesnt discover the borderline cost.7

W.L. Gore Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

W.L. bloodletting - date ExampleIn this regard, the federation manufactures lifesaving cardiovascular equipment and guitar strings. The manufacturing operations of the ac companionship are interruption across China, Scotland, Germ some(prenominal) and Japan.The phoner is nonable for its forward-looking fabric cognize as GORE-TEX that has conduct to its achievement of oer 2,000 patents globally. Its brand is perceptible in jackets, draw ware, boots, gloves, guitar strings and NASA astronauts put suites (Gore, 2008). The form value orientation of employees is based on lattices that promote direct interaction among associates. Thus the employees pass to leaders government issue to their attributes in attracting followers and gaining the respect of their colleagues (Gore, 2008). Furthermore, all(prenominal) manufacturing plant is allocated a minimum play of associates since it maximizes returns and synergies as rise up as impart to the improvement of persona. In addition, the attach to perpetually constructs new manufacturing plants at heart its area of operations. For example, in that respect are 18 manufacturing plants within a radius of 30 miles in Delaware OF joined States (Gore, 2008). In this regard, the employees of Gore have exhibited a positive military posture in their incline and increased quality of output. This has led to the smart sets mastery in which it has consistently been listed as among the drop dead 100 companies to work in as an employee.The company is renowned for a mental synthesis that goes against the established handicraft leadership example in that it employees a structure that is hierarchy free. In this regard, the company has no managers, muse titles or descriptions (Jackson, Schuler, & Werner, 2011). The nevertheless structure is sedate leaders and associates. The company equally does not have any union deputation or outlined Human resource procedures or policies. In this regard, the company is not aligned with the banner or conventional Human imaging structure. In addition, the company promotes the philosophy of intrinsic leadership in that

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 80

Discussion - Essay ExampleFrom a individualal standpoint, I understand that emotional intelligence allows people to rationalize their actions, reactions, and responses to divergent life experiences from time to time. For example, anger, stress, and frustration are triggered by the reaction of an individual to certain circumstances in life. finished these valuable EI elements, any person deal rationalize their approach to life experiences and subsequently avert the underlying negative implications.The insights shed in the book are relevant to both home and organise environments. Effective and efficient management of personal behavior results in enhanced relationships and interactions both at home and in the workplace. The essence of EI is to understand what makes a person tickle. In light of these insights, I understand that I have to approach people differently because each person exhibits diversity in regards to emotional behavior. Through EI, therefore, I am in a better positi on to foster functional, positive, and productive relationships in both home and work

Advantages of Monsanto Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advantages of Monsanto - Essay ExampleThe state of the art research and development department of the immobile is also constantly looking for new creative input to ensure better yield of the crops. Its drought proof seeds argon hugely beneficial for countries which are vulnerable to frequent drought like conditions. Hence, its contribution to agriculture through genetically modified seeds has enabled it to gain leverage against it rival in the industry. The farmers across the globe, oddly in the under developed and developing nations like Africa and India, have been able to improve their standard of living through increased food production and revenues. In the current environment of increasing awareness regarding environment and sustainability of resources, Monsantos future is seriously imperil by the views and stances on genetically modified crops. Critics, including social activists, environmentalist, fewer farmers etc. believe that genetically modified seeds, despite increased yield, have grave long term consequences on the quality of district, plants and biodiversity at large. The sustainability of natural resources is threatened through the constant use of genetically modified seeds. Moreover, as the seeds are anti-resistant to insects and help to kill weeds, this property could also have slow poisonous come to on the overall health and wellbeing of people who consume food products produced from such seeds. The ontogenesis concern of the community and social activists becomes more pertinent when seen from the wider perspective of increasing environment degradation that has adversely impacted the balance of ecosystem. It is believed that indiscriminate use of genetically modified seeds would not only spoil the quality of soil and fertility but it could also adversely impact the ground water and environment. The conservation and preservation of natural sources is vital ingredient of population dynamics because its excerpt is intrinsically linked to the available resources like clean air, water, food, energy etc. (Dyson, 2005). The sustainability of the same therefore becomes critical element of survival. Answer 2 As chief operating officer of Monsanto, I would engage group of social activists and community to create awareness as to how to exploit the properties of genetically modified seeds to grow crops that would address the needs of growing population. The exemplary properties of the GM seeds are major factors that can overcome the natural disasters like drought and famine and provide the vulnerable population with quality food. The multitudinous environmental elements like poverty, lack of resources, education, awareness etc. have created serious problems of food security. According to FAO (2009) more than 850 million across the globe are liner food insecurity with large population in nearly 39 Sub-Saharan being under nourished. It is seen that low agricultural yield and lack of political sympathies initiatives in land reforms are important constituents that force farmers to migrate. The GM seeds can significantly contribute to the global concern of food insecurity. Engaging social activists and farmers would be mutually beneficial as it would help create awareness regarding the use of GM seeds so that ecosystem is not disturbed. If the farmers follow rotation of crops in the field with GM and non-GM seeds, the fertility of soil can be maintained. At the same time, the concern of insects and weeds becoming hardier or developing resistance to the Roundup Ready Herbicide, a weed killer that kills weeds, can be easily averted. The rotation farming is therefore hugely important aspect of farming where GM seed are used that promotes sustainability of resources and helps conservation and preservation of environment. As a CEO, I would also like to give incentives to farmers in terms of rebate and discounts on the

The Political Economy of European Integration Essay

The Political Economy of European Integration - Essay ExampleTo start with, we must furbish up the objective that has spurred the nature of economic integration. The primary objective of having or creating a (regional) economic integration is for the said union to form an agreement among its member countries to pare and remove tariff and non-tariff trade barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and factors of production (i.e. labor, capital and entrepreneur) and also, to attempt to achieve economic gains from the free flow of trade and investment among its neighboring countries.The EU as an organization is comprised of independent European countries whose sole, main objectives are economic and social progress for the European region and its people. That is why they pass long-planned on engineering an economic integration program in an attempt to converge all the European regions in order to meet and implement the objectives of the make union so as to provide a much better l iving and working environment for its people - the Europeans (Going for Growth, 2003).Economic integration for Europe has unquestionably brought convergence to this continental region. Since its foundation, the EU had gone through three legal stages for it to achieve its economic objectives, these stages were the creation of the customs union, 1958-1985, the single market 1985-1992, and the economic and financial union 1992-present (Hitiris, 2003).Initially, as a customs union, it removed different barriers in trading between member countries of the EC and adopted a common foreign trade policy in which individual state governments no longer has to determine or make their own external trade policy whatsoevermore. thusly the Single European Act or the single market implemented in 1987 allowed factors of production take aparticularly labour, capital, and entrepreneurs to move freely from one member countrified to another. And after a few years, the EU started to launch its full economic objectives by implementing the economic and monetary union policy to its region through this, it pave the way to the removal of the remaining obstacle to cross border investments. And also, one of the most highlighted criterions made in this final treaty was granting the citizenship of the union - everyone with a nationality of any member country becomes an automatic citizen of the union, giving its people all the rights to move and reside freely among the unions member countries. With all of these mentioned and guided by the democratic principles of the union, the EU has definitely succeeded in converging its member countries into becoming a prosperous European economic region of the twenty-first century that is continuously grow year by year in terms of economic figures and admitting more and more European countries into the union and currently, is even ranking second in the growth of beingness economies next to the United States and preceding Japan.However, it is also important to take stock of the fact that the success or failure of an economic integration depends primarily on its objectives. Therefore, a previously independent country participating in an economic union - converging its economy to other member countries by sacrificing a part of its national sovereignty can only be justified if the union is able to achieve its

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Paraphrasing - Essay ExampleThey include satellites, televisions, and phones.On the other hand, the ionizing radiation therapys ar rays that cannot be smelled, viewed, heard, and even felt. According to a view shared by Liou (2002), the major source of ionizing radiation is radioactive materials that emit beta, alpha, and gamma radiation. Therefore, the commonly cognise ionizing radiation consists of beta subroutineicles, alpha particles, x-rays, and gamma rays. Up until the late 18th century, the ionizing radiation remained unexplored due to their invisibility, tastelessness, or odourlessness among others. However, there were numerous ordinary materials that emitted underage quantities of the radiation.Studies have demonstrated that radiation has various affects on the living organisms by impacting on the cells that build up a living thing. Radiation randomly affects the cell. This implies that a similar amount as well as type of radiation can hit the same cell numerous times, but resulting in non-homogeneous effects, for instance, every time it strikes there is no effect. On the contrary, it is generally presumed that the more the radiation hits a cell, the higher the odds of an impact from happening. The resulting effect is that the organism may die if most cells are affected. Contrarily, Haffty and Wilson (2012) note that the exposure to penetrating radiation is known as irradiation and it usually occurs when the body is rendered available in part or whole from an unshielding source. An individual is not made radioactive from external radiation.In summary, exposure to the natural radiation by the people occurs daily. The natural radiation originates from various sources, such as over 60 radioactive materials that occur in nature including air, soil, and water. As an example, Radon is a naturally-existing gas that comes from soil and rock. It is the major source of natural radiation. On a daily basis, humans take in

Managing change in orgainsations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managing change in orgainsations - Essay ExampleThe common definition of globalization suggests that globalisation is fuelled by the interrelationship between different central trigger factors including economic, technological, socio-cultural, political and biological factors, resulting in the interconnectivity of states. In turn, the proliferation of the globalisation phenomenon has offered novel wrinkle opportunities regarding expansion in international business strategy.The integration of the globalisation phenomenon into business with the increased movement of capital and commodities has had a significant impact on international business strategy (Tomlinson, 1999). Additionally, Held and McGrew argue that globalisation represents the interconnectedness of states, societies and culture, which has thereby propelled global trade, ideas and capital (Held & McGrew, 1999).Furthermore Brah et al, argue that globalisation as a novel cultural paradigm is exemplified by the internet revo lution, which has challenged methods of dissemination (Brah et al, 1999 3). Moreover, Tomlinson posits that globalisation has had a concomitant effect on traditional cultural models with the creation of new cultural models (Tomlinson et al, 1999).The digital era fuelled novel business opportunities and the continuous evolution of online business channels has made multi-channel retailing a reality, with the customer now placed at the forefront of business strategy. In turn this has reshaped business distribution and selling models in addition to competing in a product marketplace in certain industries the customer is the marketplace. Indeed, the e-commerce business model has challenged traditional adage that location, location, location is full of life to commercial success (Chaffey, D. 2006) which has threatened the traditional business model for travel agencies in the tourism industry compelling agencies to formulate novel strategic moves to plunk for continued growth (Zhou, Z. 2003).A prime

Writer's choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Writers choice - Essay ExampleIt has shifted from the less severe form into explicit content. The paper will analyze some of the characteristics of energize in the media. These characteristics are both beneficial and harmful at the same time.The media intimate content can affect the behavior of any age group. However, it is an authorized belief that adolescents are more than vulnerable to media content than the rest. Adolescence marks the stage in which the gender roles and rideual behaviors are shaped. Adolescents easily imitate the behavior of their favorite pop idol their dressing, and actions. The media has a lot of sexual content directed to them thus, influencing their sexual behavior. Teenagers at this stage tend to copy almost everything showed in the media as they try to develop their identity. Todays media has been linked with several cases of early pregnancies among the teenagers. The media presents sex in a way that it appears casual. For instance, sex scenes are com mon in most films streamed by the mainstream media. It is made to appear as if not a big deal and that it is commonly done by everyone. However, the consequences such as an unpremeditated pregnancy and STDs are rarely shown. Sexual contents can remain in a teenager thought for a long time. The greater the exposure, the more they are likely to be affected by them (Brown, 2002).The media has failed to emphasize on safe sex. Studies show that the more the young people are exposed to sexual contents, the more they are likely to engage in unsafe sex. In the modern age, it is hard to reduce the exposure of the young people to sexual content. near adolescents end up imitating the sexual behaviors and rely on the media as the sole source of sex education. These youths are most likely to have meaningless sex while disregarding the possible physical and emotional effects of such behaviors.The depiction of sex in the media provides a false expectation of satisfaction that may result in depr ession

Masters Entry Diploma in Management - Management Development Essay

Masters Entry Diploma in Management - Management Development - Essay ExampleOBJECTIVES OF STUDY Measuring the effectiveness of a cut-rate gross revenue or marketing technique requires compare it against other methods under similar conditions. This study will have three major physical objects to achieve the purpose of comparing hard-sell techniques to other sales techniques. The first objective is to define and describe what a consumer would consider hard-sell techniques, based on previously extant literature and studies. The second objective will then be to assess guest opinions of and responses to salespeople that use the previously-defined hard-sell methods. Finally, the third objective is to compare those responses with responses to sales pitches that do not use those techniques and analyse the results to adjust if the aggressive tactics are as or more effective at closing the sale. LITERATURE SEARCH Academic sources define hard-sell techniques as those sale tactics that tell guests to take action and use forceful language (Englis, 1994, pp. 143). A hard-sell technique sets up a framework between the salesperson and the customer where there is a winner or loser (Meredith 2009, pp 36). ... Generally, what a consumer refers to as a hard sell approach involves pushy and possibly rude salespeople, overly long sales pitches, and multiple demonstrations of a product they have already turned down (Consumer Affairs, 2002). Alternatively, the low-pressure or soft sell salesperson focuses on forming a kindred with the customer (Meredith 2009, pp 36). These techniques advocate listening to the customer, asking the right questions, and waiting for the customer to request a solution before go a product (Rosen, 2007). concord to an analysis by Pine and Davis, manufacturing of custom products to fill an individual customers require is the future in many industries (1999, pp 263). Customization would be the epitome of soft-sell techniques, as exactly what the cust omer requests is what the salesperson could provide. What is not covered in their study, however, is whether the availability of customization will replace the need for strong sales tactics simply being able to gain a customers problem does not guarantee a sale. When using a hard-sell method, the salesperson must be careful not to ignore what the customer needs in the interest of moving product but a less aggressive salesperson may take too long in offering a specific solution and lose the sale in that way (Rosen 2007). Both of these failures to please the customer could hurt repeat business. Customer satisfaction, with not besides the product but with their experience of the sale, is the key determinant of whether the customer will return for future business, recommend the product or service to a friend, or purchase upgrades and other services (Ahearne et al, 2005). Customer

Case#6 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

6 - Case Study ExampleWith regard to its definition, a visionary leader is a leader who is able to articulate their dream for an make-up and inspire followers, allowing them to move together towards a shared dream of the future. The basis of my definition is that the ultimate role of visionary leadership is facilitative and an ideal headspring is often to merely avail the vision rather than single handedly transforming an organization (school) within a given period of time (Mendels, 2012, P.55, Column 2, L. 2).As seen in the case study, Susan is seen alluding to a residential area culture means she is indirectly calling to attention the important of the beliefs, values as well as the collective thoughts of those who belonged to the broader community of the school. This is likely to be based on her strong personal belief that developing a school vision is a collective responsibility that should be carried out by all members and stakeholders of the broader school community.Generall y, the potential conflict between professionalism and democracy often take a number of forms. Democracies often require taking into account the opinions of other members of an organization before making decisions. However, this may result in a time consuming bureaucratic process that may negatively affect efficiency and professionalism in the school or organization as more time may be required and compromise may stick out to be reached. For Example, during administrative decision making, responsiveness may require adherence to professionalism while the principle of democratic accountability demands adherence to the popular will or democracy (West-Burnham, 2003, P. 10, L.7).Based on my knowledge of school administration, the role that the principal plays in the building of the school vision is simply be participate and facilitate reaching a consensus on a vision that reflect the collective thoughts of the broader school community as opposed to single handedly

Principles of Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Principles of Microeconomics - Essay ExampleHowever, it is observed that the marginal utility tends to diminish as you decimate more of the goods (Investopedia ULC). There are two sees observed in the determination of utility the limit beyond which the marginal utility begins to decline and the other limit shows that beyond which the utility becomes negative. The second limit works like a satiation point for the consumer so that an additional consumption of the product will bring forth displeasure instead. Generally, this decline in utility is called the diminishing marginal utility.It is through this legal philosophy of diminishing marginal utility that the economists were able to understand the virtue of collect and the negatively sloping demand curve (Investopedia ULC). It basically equates to the understanding that the less you have of a product the higher is your marginal utility thats wherefore the willingness to pay (the expense) is also high. On the other end, as the product increases the marginal utility declines, therefore the willingness to pay also diminishes.Answer to 3.Income is generally accepted as a determinant of demand which moves on the same direction. However, there are products which show the opposite response. We call them the inferior good, as opposed to the normal good. The demand for normal good increases as income increases, such as clothing and food. On the other hand, we have products in which the demand for such declines as income increases. A unmingled example of this is a bus ride. This is so because when people get more income, they may opt to buy their own cars. There is also what we call associate goods. Related goods can be substitutes or complements. Substitutes are products in which the demand for maven increases as the price of the other increases. This is because consumers will shift from the product whose price increases to the product whose price remained. On the other hand, complements are those whose demand for one product decreases as the price of the other increases. This is because as complements they are consumed together. Lastly, giffen good is one which people consume more of as price rises, which apparently violates the law of demand (Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., 2009). This happens due to the absence of substitute, giving way to the dominance of the income effect leading(a) more people to buy more goods even as its price arise (Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., 2009). Answer to 4. Generally, the supply curve is observed to be upward sloping, adhering to the law of supply stating that as the price of the goods increases, more will be supplied of it. However, in some cases, we see the supply curve come to a point of downward slope rather than continuously sloping upward. There are two cases mentioned when this thing happen. First is the supply of labor with respect to the (real) engross rate. The real wage serves as a price to labor and a cost to leisure. Therefore as the law of sup ply suggests, an increase in the price of labor should be followed by a greater quantity supplied. This is also supported by the logic that given that the cost of leisure is now higher, the substitution effec

How Each Corporate Culture Differs From the Other Assignment - 9

How Each Corporate Culture Differs From the Other - Assignment ExampleFor several decades, the Coca-Cola and PepsiCo begin been in operating in the beverage industry asserting each other to capture a high amount of market shargon, improvement and promotion imprint amidst its consumers. Though friendly activities have been adopted by both the companies to maintain their leading position in the global level, however, it can be utter that the main reason behind the continuous adaption of new techniques to attract new customers is their own strategy to change customer preferences and consumption. As a result, it has been viewed that the actions of both the gild are often compared. Amid each the factors that have been in debate amid many critics relating to the two companies, the corporate civilisation prevailing in these two companies is considered to be wholeness of the major factors that have to differentiate these two companies from each other (Grinton, 2010 Barney, 2003). The aspect of culture is considered to be the first priority in Coca-Cola as the company believes in developing an environment which would help in developing true dedication that would help in adapting the values of the company as one own. The first ethnical aspect that is being followed in all its plans since its establishment is considering all the local business located in various part of the globe as a single entity. The Coca-Cola brand is determined for its representation of various qualities such as caring, connecting, integrity and excellence. The company also believes in a co-operative form of culture where all employees are provided the opportunity of sharing their ideas whether they work as a lower level staff or are a member of the higher authority. Additionally, emphases are also made to develop a close relation amid all the members working in a group within the organization as it is believed that establishing a close relation would help in developing skills that would direc tly facilitate in accomplishing the organization goal efficiently. Additionally, it has been viewed that the company recruits people from around the world as it helps in determining the best policy and practice that would help to maintain a balanced working environment (The Coca-Cola Company, 2013 The Coca-Cola Company, 2009). Considering the aspect of culture it is observed that PepsiCo maintains a rigid and managerial form of culture within the organization. The company believes in blazing new traits and is viewed to implement guidelines and rules that help the individuals to develop commitment towards their job only if as a team to strengthen the company performance as a whole. The company also strongly believes in recruiting people from a alter background as it is believed that recruiting people from diversified background helps in understanding the preferences and the demands of different people belonging to different geographical regions. Additionally, an innovative form of culture also prevails in the company which motivates all employees in the company to adhere innovative ways to meet the discriminating taste and preferences of its global customers (PepsiCo, n.d.).

Multiple Cuts Medical Treatment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Multiple Cuts Medical Treatment - Case Study ExampleSH the affected role is an elderly man who lives alone in an own house. He is a widower and a retired soldier. He is a father to two sons, already wed and away. He likes gardening and stays at home tending to his flower garden. He is wealthy and a possible target for burglars. O/E lancinating cuts extending past the skin on the face and neck. The cuts have been partly sutured at the station and bleeding arrested. The patient looks calm and less anxious.Head and Neck Second point cuts on the face (3) and neck (1).Hands A deep palmar cut, left hand that exposes a bleeder and nerves.Left Wrist NADLt. palm deep and sharp close 10cm extending from the proximal phalange of the thumb to the index finger.- Signs of previous bleeding noted, slightly swollen, no erythema, no atrophy, no sign of infection, no bruising, regular shape and no deformity-on exploration, no foreign body seen, wound bed pink in colour and no underlying structure exposed (Davies et al. 2011, p.17). MovementActive Flexion-FROM with minimal hurting on anterior aspect of distal phalanx Extension-FROM, throe free movementAbduction-FROM, pain free movementAdduction-FROM with minimal pain on anterior aspect of distal phalanxMedial Rotation-FROM with minimal pain on anterior aspect of distal phalanxPassive Flexion-FROM with minimal pain on anterior aspect of distal phalanxExtension-FROM, pain free movementAbduction-FROM, pain free movement

Products and Services Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Products and Services - Assignment ExampleFrom this paper it is clear that MSC was going to make profits since they were going to strain mainly on the product that would satisfy their customer needs. They relocated their markets to areas where they knew that the prices they had placed would favor the residents. As an organization MSC did the right thing by forming the alliance since it closed down all the branches that were making little profit. They should move to areas where in that respect is ready market. The products that MSC produced were to be advertised. This task was to be carried out by 3B, this go out help MSC do away with promotion cost.This discussion highlights thatthe benefits of going ahead with the plan are many for example some of the operation costs will be reduced. PLS employees will lead, but 3B will help with materials. There will be some advertising as part of this deal. This will be done by 3B andPLS. Since it is an alliance, they will be holding meetings to discuss on new strategies and the way forward. This will be a major boost since there will be exchange of ideas by different people who have different skills, and they are from different companies.MSC county government has been looking forward to defend both private and public partnerships so that they get national attention.3B also has a good public reputation in their community since its employees contribute to the produce of the economy. By forming an alliance with them, MSC is more likely to succeed.

Urban Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Urban Education - Essay ExampleTeachers be central to the excellence of students. There are no poor students, there are bad teachers. A good teacher is able to dupe the potential of every student and help develop that potential. A good teacher considers intellectual, physical, emotional, brotherly and spiritual dimensions of students human experience, enhancing students social interactions and belief in democracy and other ideas of the US. A good teacher is evermore a leader. Such a schoolmaster becomes a caring mother (or father) for his students, creating comfortable and favorable conditions for the development of each of them. He effectively communicates with parents and community and inspires colleagues to be flexible, to recognize talents and hidden resources of their students and adopt an somebody approach. A teacher should be a leader able to encourage others to be creative. Such a leader can organize a careful change process in his school, facing everybodys needs and ai ms. A teacher who is a leader educates through all his life, influencing his students, colleagues, parents, and community. As we can see the reforms are to take place not in the sphere of urban education, but in the minds of educators themselves. Then one sees wonders of urban education when students from the poorest districts show results overmuch better than those from prestigious schools when students become valuable citizens and realized personalities.There has always been needed in teachersleaders, able to inspire and educate others. The fact is that that the profession has always been undervalued. Teachers are underpaid. They are not listened to even in cases when decisions directly concern their needs and work.

Success In Writing Essay Example for Free

Success In Writing EssayEveryday more and more batch try to make a profession in being a successful writer. In this passage, aspiring writer Melusina Fay Peirce writes to novelist Marian Evans Lewes asking if beginning indite at thirty is too old. Evans is moved by this letter and responds mentioning thirty is not too old. In the letter, she comments that even an accomplished writer such as herself is r atomic number 18ly satisfied with hours of work. It is impossible to be an accomplished writer without having years of wisdom behind you. Throughout the passage, she utilizes conglomerate persuasive techniques such as falsehood and analogies in order to depict novice work as tasteless. In Lewes response to Peirce, she incorporates many rhetorical strategies in order to convey that writers must desexualise to be unsatisfied and must not be touch on about flattery because success in writing comes only with maturity.In the beginning of the letter, Evans uses a plethora of rhet orical strategies which suggest that in order to be a writer one must be ready to be unsatisfied. Evans declares her consciousness is not of the triumphant kind. Beginning her letter with a refutation immediately conveys that being a writer is a difficult life. Although one may put hours of baffling work into a novel, satisfaction is not always achieved. She thusly states that Exultation is a dream sooner achievement and rarely comes later on. Evans suggests that she often fancies admiration before her work is finished only to encounter a deficiency of praise after. While Lewes may be a praised writer, she shocks Peirce when saying she is rarely commended for her work writers dreams are seldom met.When encountering the lack of the praise writers such as Evans tend to feel like a poor husk. Evans uses this word to convey the emptiness in which she feels after writing. atomic number 53 always feels like it is possible to create disclose work but doesnt know where to look. She th en continues on and inquire to Peirce Does these seem melancholy?. This rhetorical question implies that these feelings of incompleteness and emptiness are far less melancholy than self-flattery. This connects to the refutation at the beginning of the paragraph stating that writers seldom feel triumphant. Using the various strategies, Evans conveys that to be a writer one must not be concerned about flattery and must be prepared to be unfulfilled.In the next paragraph, Evans refutes Peirces main concern of being too old to start writing by giving support to the idea that success come with maturity. Lewes responds by mentioning not to fancy yourself old because you are thirty, or to regret you have not written anything. This refutation replies to Peirces concern that she is too old and tells Peirce not to worry. She then states that it does not even matter if one hasnt written anything prior to being an established writer. Lewes then mentions that the writing of a young writer is no better than trashy, unripe fruit. The underdeveloped fruit mirrors the underdeveloped minds and writing of the young writers. He then states that there is nothing worse than a writer who has exhausted himself.One cannot burn out writing all of their material while young. A successful writer needs to be patient, as triumph in lit comes with experience in everyday life. Towards the end of the letter, Evans reflects that when she was young she began a sort of writing which had no great glory belonging to it, but which she felt certain she could do faithfully and well. This anecdote also works as an emotional appeal as it sympathizes with Peircr, implying mutual feelings both writers felt while young. Evans suggests that mature and sometime(a) writers are more patient in their writing, consequently producing better works. Evans is very persuasive in her position which states achievements in writings will come along with maturity.In Lewess letter to Peirce, she includes numerous persua sive techniques in order to convey that writers must prepare to be unsatisfied and must not be concerned about flattery because success in writing only comes with maturity. Evanss main point is that one is never too old to begin writing. An aspiring writer shouldnt hold back on account that they havent produced descent works in the past. Wisdom, compassion and insight all come with years of aging and are requisite to produce successful writing.

William Shakespeare Essay Example for Free

William Shakespeare EssayIn the Elizabethan time period 1589-95 Sir William Shakespeare a playwright wrote the play Romeo and Juliet. The play is often purview of as a love story however it is actually far more concerned with violence, death and fate than it is with love. Romeo and Juliet is highly regarded as one of Shakespeares high hat plays, even as one of the worlds finest love stories. However the play has many other themes of conflict, violence and indispensable tragedy. The play title immediately introduces the theme of love, and the not the darker side of the play, as the name Romeo and Juliet refers to 2 lovers and nothing else. The play also includes the constant mentioning of the inevitable tragedy. In this essay I will be sounding at the themes of forbidden love, family feuds, and revenge that come between the relationship of Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet to answer the question of how violence and conflict are introduced by finding evidence to buy at each t heme. I will then conclude by answering the question as a whole. Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon. He conjoin Anne Hathaway in 1882 and had two children. Hamnet and Judith.William Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1590 and 1613. Shakespeare used a variety of sources for his dramas. The story of Romeo and Juliet was by all accounts taken from the poem, The tragic narrative of Romeus and Juliet written by Arthur Brooke, though the original story may be derived from the Greek author, Xenophon. The play was published in quarto form in 1597 so it is safe to assume that the play may have been written a couple of years earlier, during the first stage of his career. The Quartos contained single plays and were sold for a tanner each.The play is unusual in that it is a tragedy, for the bulk of his writing in the early years were comedies and histories. Romeo and Juliet marry at a young age of 14 and 15, which links to the time period of the fifteen hund reds as young marriages were not uncommon. In Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare includes the theme of revenge to give the play action and tragedy. Romeo blames himself for the death of Mercutio, and is impatient of Tybalts insults he fears that his love for Juliet has weakened his courage. After witnessing Mercutios death, Romeo vows to slay Tybalt. And red-eyed fury may be my conduct now Romeo says here how he is filled with anger and wants revenge, and he may behave with his anger now. Red-eyed, shows he is filled with anger and rage and that he is ruling with his heart and not his logic. Either thou, or I, or some(prenominal) must go with him. Romeo angrily says here that they will fight and one of them or both of them will die and join Mercutio. Romeo thinks this should happen as he has lost a friend and will fight, no matter what the outcomes is, to avenge Mercutio. Both outcomes of the fight will create a tragedy be behave Romeo will both die or be banished.Romeos revenge leads to a violent and tragic end to Tybalts life. Violence is introduced through Romeos hunt for revenge. Another example of revenge is when Tybalt drifter Romeo at Juliets marriage party. He wants revenge and goes in search of Romeo to fight him. Boy shall not excuse his injuries that thou hast done me, therefore turn and draw. Tybalt wants to cause Romeo pain for intruding at Juliets party and will fight others to get to Romeo. This is shown when Tybalt ten kills Mercutio, which leads onto the next scene of revenge.This is also an example of the theme of inevitable tragedy. Shakespeare weaves inevitable tragedy into many acts in Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare shows this immediately in the prologue as well as saying that the theme of inevitable tragedy will continue as the play goes on. A pair of star crossed lovers, (the phrase puts forward the fact that the two lovers are doomed from the start. The phrase means love is blind. This shows how the two lovers are in love, and this makes them do things that they would normally suggest other people to do otherwise.)

Political and Economic System Essay Example for Free

political and Economic System Es wordSpains policy-making system is parliamentary monarchy. Spain has many different political and economic issues that tail end impact the society. Most of these issues can be deal by the government. Sometimes other countries can be compargon and contract its political and economic issues to other countries. Political System Spains government is parliamentary monarchy. The most important task of the ecesis was to devolve power to the regions, which were given their own governments, regional assemblies and supreme legal authorities.The central government retains exclusive responsibility for foreign affairs, external trade, defense, justice, law (criminal, commercial and labour), merchant shipping and civil aviation. Spain has been a member of the United Nations (UN) since 1955, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) since 1982 and the European Union (EU) since 1986, and is also a imperishable observer member of the Organization of Ame rican States (OAS). Spain has three branches of government which includes the executive branch, the legislative branch and the judicial branch.The Senate has 259 members, directly elected by a first-past-the-post system. each province provides four members plus additional members in the Balearic and Canary islands, where extra members represent the various islands, making a total of 208 members. The 17 autonomous regions also elect one senator each and an additional member for every million inhabitants, totaling a further 51 members. The Senate has the power to amend or veto formula initiated by Congress.Under Spanish law, the official result of a general election is made public five days after the vote, in raise to allow sufficient time for recounts and disputed results. After the members brace been sworn in, the King of Spain meets with the party leaders and asks one of them to form a government, which must so be ratified by parliament. The leader of the party of government be comes the president of Spain and has his official residence in the Moncloa Palace in Madrid. The role of citizens in Spain is that they take aim to be born of a Spanish mother or father.A person born in Spain of foreign parents if neither of them has Spanish nationality or if neither of the parents legislations confer a nationality to their children. Spain has many political issues. One political issue is during the last few years has been corruption among public officials, including illegal financing of political parties, tax avoidance, fraud, bribery, trying to keep a place or someone in the residential institution, nepotism, misappropriation of public funds, illegal patronage, influence-peddling and kickbacks.Spain has been described (in the Spanish press) as the most corrupt society among the original 15 members of the EU and corruption permeates political and public life at every level. This problem is affecting the Marbella council on a massive scale, involving tens of millio ns of euros pocketed by council officials. Economic System Spains deliverance is a well-based way to equally spread money to all of the people. Some of Spains natural resources include coal, lignite, iron ore, uranium, mercury, pyrites, fluorspar, gypsum, zinc, lead, tungsten, copper, kaolin hydroelectric power.Spains currency is the European Union euro. Spains imports include machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semi-finished goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods, measuring and medical control instruments. In 2011, the amount of money that Spain received for imports was $364. 9 billion. Some of Spains exports include machinery, motor vehicles foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, medicines, other consumer goods. In 2011, the amount of money that Spain received for exports was $309. 6 billion. The gain domestic per capita is thirty three thousand six hundred euros a year.In labor force 2. 4 percent goes to agriculture, 24 percent to industry, and 71. 1 percent to services. Spain came out in the number one position because it is a sunny country, because its citizens enjoy shorter working hours and more days holiday, because energy and lifestyle be are lower, because the government invests into education and healthcare, because the average age at which people die is higher than in most of Europe and because overall, living in Spain ensures you have a better quality of life. Spain has many economic issues.One economic issue is that the Spanish banks high exposure to the collapsed domestic construction and real demesne market also poses a continued risk for the sector. The government oversaw a restructuring of the savings bank sector in 2010, and provided some $15 billion in capital to various institutions. Investors remain concerned that Madrid may need to bail out more troubled banks. The Bank of Spain, however, is seeking to boost self-assurance in the financial sector by pressuring banks to come clean about their losses and consolidate into stronger groups.Puert o Rico doesnt have political and economic issues akin to Spain. One reason Puerto Rico political issue is not similar to Spain because Puerto Ricans do not have office in the U. S. Senate and no voting representation in Congress. Instead, the 4 million U. S. Citizens of Puerto Rico only have one Resident Commissioner who cannot even vote on the House floor. Therefore, Puerto Ricans have no say in the making of the laws and statutes that apply to them. Even though the U. S. Supreme Court has absolute jurisdiction over Puerto Rico, Puerto Ricans do not have representation in the U.S. Senate to cast an up or down vote on Supreme Court nominees. In the end, Puerto Rico is governed by a Congress in which they are not allowed to participate in, an Executive whom they did not elect, and a Judiciary whose justices they did not confirm. The 4 million U. S. Citizens of Puerto Rico are not allowed to fully participate in the democratic process of their nation. One reason Puerto Rico economic issue is not similar to Spain because recently in Puerto Rico the economy has suffered budget cuts from U.S. The Puerto Rican economy has depended heavily on the tax incentives given to U. S. mainland companies and on federal transfers. Conclusion There were many different things that I learned about Spains Political and Economic Systems. One thing that I found interesting was that Spain has the ninth largest economy in the world. Another thing that I found interesting was that Spain was earlier a constitutional monarchy but over time became a parliamentary monarchy.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Construction Management Construction Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of aspect counselling Construction EssayConstruction centering is a specialized management practice consisting of an arrangement of operate applied to turn of events projects and programs through the planning, design, construction and post construction phases for the purpose of achieving project objectives including the management of quality, exist and time. It is in any case a faster pathway procurement method which enables work to begin on the early stages of construction while the design and documentation of later trade packages are being finalized. For instance, a lymph gland engages a construction manager to organize, let and supervise the trade packages. Construction management is useful in unstable economic and industrial climates by destiny to reduce the time and cost of project delivery. Clients idler change the specifications of later trade packages according to changing project requirements.Construction management is a contain and m anagement system specifically created to promote the successful execution of capital projects for owners. These projects can be complicated. The construction manager seeks to achieve a smooth cloak face between trade switch offors. This is an important factor as the successful completion of one trade package is to a large degree of dependent upon the satisfactory carrying out of earlier or related packages. The construction manager must plan the works to ensure continuity and avoid possible endure claims against the principal.Construction management is perhaps best summed up as the procurement route whereby designers design, trade contractors detail and deliver their packages, and where the construction manager manages the process, leaving the leaf node to lead and accept the risk on a project for which they are ultimately responsible. The situation, responsibilities and risks may vary of importly between construction managers.The Advantages of Construction ManagementThe impl ementation of these management activities turns the planning, design and construction process into one which generates value andmaximizes control. These activities add predictability to the outcome of the project from the planning phase to the completion of construction. A more than professional Service is provided. Construction Management (CM) is recognized as a professional service. Therefore, even in public projects, the owner has the right to select a CM firm based on the company reputation and personal qualification. Responsibility is also stand an important issue in construction management. A construction manager is often selected early in the budget development process before the design team is selected to aid the owner in pee a budget and schedule that will be used to protect all financing, and then secure suitable and competitive design proposals.In addition, it also improves the concern between the contractor and the owner. Generally, a general contractor typically is le ss motivated to work with the owner to improve quality and costs, and is more centre on maximizing their profit. A greater teamwork is formed in this project. Normally, the owner selects the team such as project manager to represent the owner chthonian the construction management based upon their track record. The relationship of a construction manager with a client is usually as an addition of the clients staff hired for the purpose of promoting project teamwork besides cost, schedule and quality control on the project. Greater staff flexibility is also one of the advantages of construction management. For instance, a construction manger can give an owner greater flexibility in dealing with income and relocation of workers within the owners staff.The implementation of construction management improved the cost control and provides greater reliability and creativity. A construction manager typically provides cost estimating during the initial owner budgeting process, and moreover cost estimating and value engineering during the design phase of a project, costly and time consuming. Value engineering and cost reduction ideas are identified when they can still be implemented into the design. It also improved the communication within the team. For example,that construction managers often work for owners on subsequent projects, lessons learned as a team on one project are applied to future work.Disadvantages of Construction ManagementWhile Construction Management may be good in some circumstances, owners should recognize that it may also have some disadvantages. The most significant disadvantage of many Construction Management contracting arrangements is that significant portions of the total services for which the Construction Manager is remunerated are not subject to competitive bidding. Consequently, it is much less likely that the Owner will be charged the lowest possible market rates for these services. A second commonly seen disadvantage is the open-ended nature of many Construction Management contractual arrangements, which unnecessarily expose the Owner to the risk of unanticipated cost increases. Depending on how the Construction Manager is to be remunerated, there may be a organic disincentive for the Construction Manager to minimize costs (e.g. if there is a cost plus a percentage component in the Construction Management services contract). There can also be a built-in disincentive to complete the work as quickly as possible (e.g. if the Construction Manager is paid additional money for additional time spent on the project). Contractual arrangements that may have this effect should be avoided.Alternatively, under CM as Constructor, and especially when no fast-tracking is intended, these concerns can be mitigated by establishing a guaranteed maximum price, or by converting the Construction Management services contract to a stipulated price construction contract prior to the commencement of construction. Unless and until this hap pens, Owners should be aware that the Construction Manager is not contractually committed to the construction cost estimate and that there exists the potential for significant unanticipated cost increases. (This may be somewhat offset however by the Construction Managers desire to notice a reputation for meeting budgets.) While the security provided by a guaranteed maximum price, or a stipulated price, is often attractive to Owners, it should be borne in take heed that this security comes at a price, since the guaranteed maximum price or stipulated price will invariably include a cushion to cover risks which may or may not materialize.

Effects of Education Context on Curriculum

Effects of Education Context on Curriculum1a How can the curriculum offer and delivery vary according to the education and training place setting or purpose?The education and training context in this instance varies according to community outreach venues, specifically chosen to reach the parents of children needing ESOL teaching, who have low levels of world-class language literacy and so require potentially diametric path of reenforcement language accomplishment. Different approaches to curriculum design are going to influence how the teacher develops the programme or the scheme of work, because this will affect how they select each topic to be taught, how sequence topics and themes, language stages, based on whether this is a regale or product based syllabus, notional/functional syllabus, Communicative Syllabus, Top-based syllabus.1 For example, a content-based syllabus, based maybe on grammatical structure, would be organised according to sequencing structures, bandage a communicative syllabus might be more than functional or based on identified needs.Syllabus design is one of the promoter by which teachers can approach the process of facilitating language accomplishment2. However, in language teaching, syllabus design has been largely neglected. Curricula are ways of organising encyclopedism, indicating lesson content and learning progress, period syllabuses are much more concerned with what actually goes on in the classroom, forming part of ongoing development, review and refinement of the syllabus3 to meet the needs of the learner opus satisfying the requirements of the institution or awarding body. Syllabus design is the endurance and grading of content, and is argued to also disturb to the selection of tasks and materials4. Because of the complexity of language learning, selection of tasks and selection of content may be different than in other types of learning.5 Lesson planning involves reinforcement with frequent feedback on learning , delayed feedback, allowing trial and error, and praise, marks and prizes.6 All of these means of ordering learning are focused on what and how the ESOL student will learn.7In this context, the focus is on ESOL Keeping up with the Children Family Learning, and so the curriculum is knowing with this in mind, but the needs of learners in ESOL can vary, including a more academic approach, such as ESOL in FE8, or intensive ESOL training for lineage Search, or Vocational ESOL (eg ESOL embedded in something else, like Catering). This would then require a more functional syllabus which would be focused much more on vocabulary, and schemes of work would take this into account, practicing make out elements of communication rather than simply grammar. Dynamic language learning is more complex than simply the repetition of sounds, words and sentence structures, and so the communicative approach may be much better suited.9 However, all of these approaches could also potentially serve to h elp ESOL students integrate into the cordial world as well.10However, the syllabus design and development in this case is also constructed within the requirements of the awarding body, thus requiring that students learn sufficient and in the function manner to meet the assessment requirements, and develop a general English vocabulary which covers personal details and experiences, work, education training, housing, family and friends, health, transport, weather, buying goods, leisure, UK society. The scope of such learning is significant, and cannot all be unquestionable in one term, but the provision of vocabulary lists, and the implementation of constructive methods of learning can be built into the syllabus to allow for ongoing linguistic development which builds upon learning session by session.11,121bHow might the different approaches to curriculum design you have outlined influence the outcomes for individuals and groups?The kinds of outcomes which relate to the curriculum here include looking at what skills, vocabulary and language structures will have been learnt in the different educational settings or contexts13. For example, the work or occupational based ESOL courses will be limited to the kinds of vocabulary which relate to work activities and practices, and will be quite spareised, while the kinds of programmes which are to do with family learning are likely to relate more strongly to more practical language which can be used in the home and in key scenarios such as learning how to communicate with school teachers and other people about the child. But over-defined objectives can limit learning, rather than support the dynamic forms of learning which are often more suited to ESOL.14 One of the problems is that the primary contexts for learning, particularly if they are very specialised, such as the occupational learning context, or steady learning English as a tourist, can lead to bad habits, because language learning is a process of developi ng attitudes and habits.15Thus the habits that have been developed in one context, may benefit or hinder the use of language and the learning and development of further language skills in another setting. However, supporting a degree of learning awareness and self-direction in learning is important, and depending on whether the curriculum is didactic or communicative, this could be more easily achieved or else become more difficult. A communicative approach is much more focused on the needs of the learner, and so is more dynamic, and more likely to parent self-direction in language learning. 16 Self-direction and the identification of structural regularities in language, such as learning applied grammar, can be enhanced by more directed learning approaches, or by a mixture of content-focused syllabi and communicative approaches17, which has been the authors experience in their current context. Despite the strengths of different approaches, the context of learning is very significan t in how and how well students learn.18,19 However, language learning curricula, and the impacts of different approaches to teaching and learning, are still relatively poorly researched, and it would be useful to have more, diverse research and case studies which identify what kinds of approaches have been proven best in which settings.20, 21ReferencesArmitage, A., Bryant, R., Dunhill, R., Hammersley, M., Hayes, D., Hudson, A., Lawes, S. (1999) Teaching and Training in Post-Compulsory Education, Open University Press.Brillinger, K. (2003) From guess to Practice Creating Intermediate ESL Reading Materials Based on Current SLA Research and Theories, Newsletter of the Association of Teachers of English as a Second Language of Ontario, 29(3), 1-6Burns, A. (2006) study landscapes in adult ESOL research, Linguistics and Education, 17, 97105Curzon, L. B. (1997), Teaching in Further Education an Outline of Principles andPractice, (5th ed.). London Cassell.Dagenais, D. Beynon, J. and Mathi s, N. (2008) Intersections of Social Cohesion, Education, and Identity in Teachers, Discourses, and Practices Pedagogies An global Journal 3 (2) 85 108.Ewald, J.D. (2004) A classroom forum on small group work L2 learners see, and change, themselves. Language Awareness 13 (3) 163-179.Ferris, D.R. (1994) Lexical and syntactic features of ESL writing by students at different levels of L2 proficiency. TESOL Quarterly 28 (2) 414-420.Lochtman, K. (2002) Oral corrective feedback in the foreign language classroom how it affects interaction in analytic foreign language teaching International Journal of Educational Research 37 (3-4) 271-283.Long, M. (1996) The role of the linguistic environment in second language acquisition. In Ritchie, W. and Bhatia, T. (eds) Handbook of Second Language Acquisition (413-468) San Diego, CA Academic Press.Morgan, B. (1997) Identity and intonation linking dynamic processes in an ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly 31 (3) 431-450.Morrice, L. (2007) Lifelong lear ning and the societal integration of refugees in the UK the significance of social capital, International Journal of Lifelong Education, 26(2), 155-172Reece, I. and Walker, S. (2000). Teaching, Training and Learning a practical guide.Sunderland Business Education Publishers.Roberts, C. Baynham, M. (2006) Introduction to the special issue Research in adult ESOL, Linguistics and Education, 17, 1-5Rogers, A. (1996), Teaching Adults, 2nd edition, Buckingham Open University Press.Widodo, H.P. (2006) Approaches and procedures for teaching grammar. English Teaching Practice and Critique. 5 (1) 122-141.Zamel, V. and Spack, R. (2006) Teaching multilingual Learners across the Curriculum Beyond the ESOL Classroom and Back Again. Journal of Basic Writing (CUNY), 25 (2) 126-152.1Footnotes1 Nunan, D. (1988)2 Nunan (ibid)3 Nunan (ibid)4 Nunan (ibid)5 Zamel, V. and Spack, R. (2006)6 Reece, I. and Walker, S. (2000). P 1067 Armitage, A., Bryant, R., Dunhill, R., Hammersley, M., Hayes, D., Hudson, A ., Lawes, S. (1999)8 Curzon, L. B. (1997),910 Morrice, L. (2007)11 Morgan, B. (1997)12 Lochtman, K. (2002)13 Burns, A. (2006)14 Reece and Walker (ibid)15 Reece and Walker (ibid)16 Rogers, A. (1996),17 Widodo, H.P. (2006)18 Long, M. (1996)19 Ewald, J.D. (2004)20 Roberts, C. Baynham, M. (2006)21 Brillinger, K. (2003)